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EET 48 [ECU]    Theobroma cacao

Derivation: Estacion Experimental Tropical.
Location: E.E.T. Pichilingue, Ecuador.

Notes:  Some EET clones are imported genotypes which have been given the duplicate identifier [IMP], [POU] for kown Pound collections and [MIG] for known SAN MIGUEL clones.
 

Synonyms: SANTA ROSA 34 [ECU], ETS 48 [ECU], SANTA ROSARIO 34 [ECU], STA ROSA 34 [ECU]

Identified as an off-type (using SSR markers) in the IDIAF collection, Dominican Republic [EET-48]   IDIAF, 2011

Tolerant to Rosellinia, suitable for acid soils [EET 48]   Quiroz Vera, James Gonzalo et al., No Date

    Disclaimer

Recommended clone in:
Ecuador
Local Name: 'EET 48'
Recommended by: INIAP
Year: 1970's
 Reference    View Associated Data

 Parents:
VEN. AMARILLO TYPE x Unknown   Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
NACIONAL  x Unknown   Bartley, B.G.D., 1983
 Mother to:
EET 450 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EQX 11 [EQX]    Trinidad - ICTA (EQX), No Date
EQX 15 [EQX]    Trinidad - ICTA (EQX), No Date
EQX 17 [EQX]    Trinidad - ICTA (EQX), No Date
EQX 21 [EQX]    Trinidad - ICTA (EQX), No Date
 Father to:
EET 383 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 384 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 385 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EET 386 [ECU]    Ecuador - Pichilingue, 1987
EQX 12 [EQX]    Trinidad - ICTA (EQX), No Date
EQX 13 [EQX]    Trinidad - ICTA (EQX), No Date
EQX 22 [EQX]    Trinidad - ICTA (EQX), No Date

 HELD IN

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List received in 1990   Reference
• Local Name: EET 48 [ECU]
List received in 2018   Reference
• Accession: 10264
   - Local Name: EET-48
   - Year of Accession: 1965
List received in 1987   Reference
• Local Name: EET 48 [ECU]
   - Year of Accession: 1974
List received in 2011   Reference
• Local Name: EET-48 (Incorrecto)
List received in 2012   Reference
• Local Name: EET - 48
List received in 1994   Reference
• Local Name: EET 48 [ECU]
   - Year of Accession: 1966
 Honduras, Fundación Hondureña de Investigación Agrícola (FHIA)
List received in 1994   Reference
• Local Name: EET 48 [ECU]
List received in 1994   Reference
• Local Name: EET 48 [ECU]
   - Year of Accession: 1992
List received in 1998   Reference
• Local Name: EET 48 [ECU]
   - Year of Accession: 1992
List received in 1995   Reference
• Local Name: EET 48 [ECU]
   - Year of Accession: 1987
List received in 2009   Reference
• Local Name: EET - 48
List received in 2011   Reference
• Local Name: EET 48
   - Year of Accession: 1964

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Intermediate
 Morera, J. & Mora, A., 1990
Intermediate
 Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J., 1967
Tolerant
 Enriquez, G. & Soria, V.J., 1977
Tolerant
 Quiroz Vera, James Gonzalo et al., No Date
Resistant
 Morera, J. & Mora, A., 1990
Susceptible
 Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J., 1967
Susceptible, 92.00 % Infection
Note: External Severety = 3.9 and Internal Severety = 4.8
 Phillips, W., 1996
Susceptible, 92.00 % Infection
Note: External Severety = 3.9 and Internal Severety = 4.8
 Phillips, W., 1997
Moderately Susceptible, sp. P. palmivora (Pod).
 Phillips, W., 1997
Resistant, sp. P. palmivora (Pod).
Note: Unripe, Attached and not wounded
 Morera, J., 1993
Resistant, sp. P. palmivora (Pod).
Note: Score: 1 (1-8 Scale). Fully grown, unripe detached pods (4-5 months old).
 A.D. Iwaro et al., 2006
Susceptible
 Quiroz Vera, James Gonzalo et al., No Date
Resistant
 Morera, J. & Mora, A., 1990
Susceptible
 Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J., 1967

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Pod Index: 25.3 (pods per kg dried beans)
 Reference
Seed Index: 68.0 (dried beans per 100g)
Productivity: medium
 Reference
Yield: 1240 kg ha-1 yr-1
 Reference

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Colour: purple
Shape: elliptical
Number: 43.0
Total Wet Weight: 58.2 g
Cotyledon Dry Weight: 0.92 g
Cotyledon Length: 20.9 mm
Cotyledon Width: 11.6 mm
 Reference
Colour Dark Purple: Present
Colour Light Purple: Present
Colour Grey: Absent
Colour White: Absent
Colour Mottled: Absent
Number: 29.6
Maximum Number: 46
Cotyledon Wet Weight: 2.27 g
Cotyledon Dry Weight: 1.47 g
Cotyledon Length: 26.3 mm
Cotyledon Width: 14.4 mm
Cotyledon Thickness: 10.4 mm
 Reference
Colour Purple: 100 %
Shape: round
Length: 27.5 mm
Width: 14.5 mm
Thickness: 9.9 mm
Cotyledon Wet Weight: 2.45 g
Cotyledon Dry Weight: 1.60 g
 Reference
Dry Weight: 1.50 g
 Reference
Colour Dark Purple: 100 %
Cotyledon Wet Weight: 2.45 g
Cotyledon Dry Weight: 1.60 g
Cotyledon Length: 27.5 mm
Cotyledon Width: 14.5 mm
Cotyledon Thickness: 9.9 mm
 Reference

Testa: 5.50 %
 Reference
Butterfat Content: 46.40 %
 Reference

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Shape: obovate
Basal Constriction: strong
Apex Form: mammillate
Rugosity: slight
Length: 137.0 mm
Breadth: 78.0 mm
Colour: anthocyanin absent
Hardness: hard
Note: Hardness > 2.0 Mpa
 Reference
Basal Constriction: moderate
Apex Form: slightly acute
Rugosity: slight - moderate
Husk Thickness: 11.8 mm (14.7 - 8.9)
Length: 189.0 mm
Breadth: 91.0 mm
Colour: absent anthocyanin
Weight: 655.0 g
Pods Per Tree: 5
Hardness: moderate
Length Breadth Ratio: 2.07
Note: ratio of distances between ridges within a pair and between ridges of two different pairs = 0.67
 Reference
Shape: cundeamor
Husk Thickness: 17.3 mm
Length: 180.0 mm
Breadth: 96.0 mm
Colour: yellow and red / yellow (ridge/furrow)
Hardness: very hard
Length Breadth Ratio: 1.82
 Reference
Shape: cundeamor
Rugosity: intense
Husk Thickness: 17.3 mm
Length: 180.0 mm
Breadth: 96.0 mm
Colour: yellow / light red and green (ridge/furrow)
Hardness: hard
Length Breadth Ratio: 1.87
 Reference
Shape: amelonado
Colour: green
 Reference

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Colour: moderate anthocyanin
 Reference
Colour: light brown
 Reference
Colour: slight anthocyanin
 Reference
Colour: green
 Reference

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Length to Width Ratio: 2.99
Basal Angle: 127.0 °
Apical Angle: 84.0 °
 Reference
Distance from Base to Widest Part: 128 mm
Length: 258.0 mm
Width: 96.0 mm
Length to Width Ratio: 2.70
Basal Angle: 115.3 °
Apical Angle: 69.8 °
Petiole Length: 20 mm
Pulvinus Length: 18 mm
 Reference
Length to Width Ratio: 2.99
Basal Angle: 127.0 °
Apical Angle: 84.0 °
 Reference

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Self Compatibility: self compatible
 Reference
Ligule Colour: slight anthocyanin
Stamen Colour: anthocyanin absent
Sepal Length: 7.75 mm
Ligule Width: 2.67 mm
Ovule Number: 45
Style Length: 2.10 mm
Pedicel Colour: red
 Reference
Ligule Colour: slight anthocyanin (apical)
Stamen Colour: slight anthocyanin
Sepal Colour: pale green
Sepal Width: 2.01 mm
Sepal Length: 9.32 mm
Ligule Length: 7.60 mm
Ligule Width: 2.73 mm
Ovary Colour: anthocyanin absent (apical)
Ovary Width: 1.03 mm
Ovary Length: 1.22 mm
Style Length: 2.76 mm
Staminode Length: 6.99 mm
Pedicel Colour: pale red
Self Compatibility: self incompatible
Note: Translation of Methuen colour codes.
 Reference
Bud Colour: slight anthocyanin
Ligule Colour: anthocyanin absent
Stamen Colour: intense anthocyanin
Guide Line Length: 3.40 mm
Sepal Colour: slight anthocyanin
Sepal Width: 2.50 mm
Sepal Length: 8.90 mm
Sepal Length to Width Ratio: 3.69
Ligule Length: 3.60 mm
Ligule Width: 3.00 mm
Ligule Length to Width Ratio: 1.20
Ribbon Length: 3.70 mm
Ribbon Colour: slight anthocyanin
Ovary Colour: anthocyanin absent (apical), anthocyanin absent (basal)
Ovary Width: 1.30 mm
Ovary Length: 1.70 mm
Ovary Length to Width Ratio: 1.23
Ovule Number: 51
Style Colour: anthocyanin absent (apical), anthocyanin absent (basal)
Style Length: 2.90 mm
Staminode Colour: intense anthocyanin
Staminode Length: 7.60 mm
Pedicel Length: 19.90 mm
Pedicel Colour: slight anthocyani, intense anthocyanin (ab), anthocyanin absent (basal)
Hairs on Upper Surface of Sepal: present
Pigmented Glands on Lower Surface of Sepal: present
Horns at Base of Guide Lines: absent
Pigmented Spot on Pollen Sac: present
Self Compatibility: self compatible
 Reference
Bud Colour: green
Ligule Colour: white
Stamen Colour: moderate anthocyanin
Guide Line Length: 3.40 mm
Sepal Colour: green
Sepal Width: 2.50 mm
Sepal Length: 8.90 mm
Ligule Length: 3.60 mm
Ligule Width: 3.00 mm
Ribbon Length: 3.70 mm
Ribbon Colour: green
Ovary Width: 1.30 mm
Ovary Length: 1.70 mm
Ovule Number: 51
Style Colour: white (apical), white (basal)
Style Length: 2.90 mm
Staminode Colour: yellow
Staminode Length: 7.60 mm
Pedicel Length: 19.90 mm
Pedicel Colour: green, yellow (ab), white (basal)
Hairs on Upper Surface of Sepal: present
Pigmented Glands on Lower Surface of Sepal: present
Horns at Base of Guide Lines: absent
 Reference
Self Compatibility: self incompatible
 Reference

IDIAF (2011) Cocoa accessions held in the Dominican Institute for Agriculture and Forestry Research (IDIAF). M. Ventura, personal communication, September 2011.
Quiroz Vera, James Gonzalo, Saul Mestanza V & Nathalia Parada V. n.d. (No Date) Catalogo de Clones De Cacao Recomendadas Por INIAP [Catalogue of Cacao Clones Recommended by INIAP]. INIAP
Ecuador - Pichilingue (1987) Nomina de clones y numero de plantas existentes en la coleccion internacional de germoplasma de cacao, EET, Pichilingue. Unpublished report, E.E.T. Pichilingue, Ecuador. pp. 18.
Bartley, B.G.D. (1983) Report of consultancy visit to Cocoa Research Unit, UWI, Trinidad Nov.-Dec. 1983. Unpublished Report.
Trinidad - ICTA (EQX) (No Date) List of the parentage of EQX accessions. Untitled manuscript, Cocoa Research Unit, University of the West Indies, Trinidad. pp.1.
Colombia - ICA Palmira (1990) List of clones held at ICA Palmira. F. Ocampo Rojas, ICA, Colombia.
Allan Mata (2018) Accession list for the International Cacao Collection at CATIE (IC3). Personal communication.
Dominican Republic - CDC (1987) Informe de los trabajos de indentificacion clonal realizados por el Dr. B.G.Bartley durante su visita a la Estacion "Mata Larga". Unpublished of the Comision del Cacau, Dominican Republic. pp 14
EET - Pichilingue (2012) Accessions planted in EET - Pichilingue, Ecuador. Freddy Amores and Ignacio Sotomayor C, personal communication, February 2012.
Guatemala - Los Brilliantes (1994) Lista de clones existentes en la Estacion de Investigacion y Produccion Agricola "Los Brillantes" a Agosto 1994. M.T. Reyes Barrios, EIAP Guatemala. Personal Communication.
Honduras - CEDEC (1994) List of accessions in CEDEC, La Masica, Honduras. J.A. Sanchez, FHIA, Honduras. Personal Communication.
Malaysia - ARC Tuaran (1994) Accessions in the Malaysian Cocoa Board collection obtained from USDA Mayaguez since 1991. M.T. Lee, MCB, Malaysia. Personal Communication.
Malaysia - ARC Tuaran (1998) Accessions held in the Malaysian Cocoa Board collection, May 1998. K. Lamin, MCB, Malaysia, Personal Communication.
Lopez-Baez, O., Cueto-Moreno, J. & Fraire-Vazquez, G. (1995) Progressos en el mejoramiento genetico del cacao Theobroma cacao L. en Mexico. In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Cocoa Breeding Strategies, Kuala Lumpur, 1994. INGENIC, Reading, U.K. pp. 18-25.
Luis F. García Carrión (2009) Catalogo de Cultivares de Cacao del Peru.
CRU (2011) ICG,T accessions. CRU website.
Morera, J. & Mora, A. (1990) Banco de Germoplasma de Cacao del CATIE. Information supplied on computer diskette by CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica.
Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J. (1967) Cacao Cultivars Register. IICA Teaching and Research Centre, Costa Rica
Enriquez, G. & Soria, V.J. (1977) Mejoramiento genético para resistencia a cinco enfermedades del cacao. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Cocoa Research Conference, Caracas, Venezuela, 1977. Cocoa Producers' Alliance, Lagos, Nigeria. pp. 45-56.
Phillips, W. (1996) Cocoa cultivar reaction when innoculated with Moniliophthora roreri. Unpublished data supplied by W. Phillips, CATIE, Costa Rica. Personal communication
Phillips, W. (1997) Results of the artificial inoculation of Moniliophthora rorei using the Aspersion method. Unpublished data supplied by W. Phillips, CATIE, Costa Rica. Personal communication
Phillips, W. (1997) Results of the artificial inoculation of Phytophthora palmivora using the Paper Disc method. Unpublished data supplied by W. Phillips, CATIE, Costa Rica. Personal communication
Morera, J. (1993) Reaction of clones to Phytophthora palmivora. J. Morera, CATIE, Costa Rica. Personal Communication.
A.D. Iwaro, D.R. Butler & A.B. Eskes (2006) Sources of resistance to Phytophthora pod rot at the International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution (2006) 53: 99–109
Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee (2022) Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Costa Rica - CATIE (1981) Genetic Resources of Cacao. A Catalogue of the CATIE Collection. J.M.M. Engels, Tropical Agricultural Research and Training Centre, CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. Technical Bulletin No. 7: pp. 191.
Morera, J., Paredes, A. & Mora, A. (1991) Germoplasma de cacao en el CATIE entre 1947 y 1991, Programa II: Generacion y transferencia de tecnologia. IICA, San Jose, Costa Rica, pp. 49.
Trinidad - ICGT (1992) Leaf descriptors. Unpublished data supplied on computer diskette by International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad, University of the West Indies, Trinidad.
Bartley, B.G.D. (1970) A preliminary catalogue of the cacao germplasm held at the University of the West Indies, Trinidad. University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad.