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LCT EEN 37 Group Name Theobroma cacao

Allen, J.B. (1987)
London Cocoa Trade Amazon Project. Final Report Phase 2. Cocoa Growers' Bulletin (Cadbury Schweppes plc, Birmingham, U.K.) 39: pp. 1-94.

Derivation: London Cocoa Trade Est. Exp. Napo.
Collected by Allen.
Location: Ecuador.

Notes: Allen, 1989a [ALL89A] Seedling progenies are identifed by the suffix /s2, /s3. The numbers in the suffix of the seedling material relates to the genebank/quarantine station where the seedling material was originally sent as follows:

s1,s2... in San Carlos genebank, Ecuador,

s101,s102... at Kew (and moved to Trinidad),

s201,s202... at USDA Miami quarantine station,

s301,s302... at Barbados quarantine station.

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Synonyms: EEN 37

COLLECTION DETAILS

Location: R. Napo, Napo, Ecuador (primary forest)

Date: 5 June 1980

Coordinates: 76.34 W, 0.24 S

Material collected: Budwood and seeds (pod)

Altitude: 220 m

Notes: Rio Anangu. 2hr E of Limoncocha

Expedition Code: 80EQ

Allen, J.B., 1987

PEDIGREE DETAILS

Father to:: INIAP T 565 Tarqui-Freire, Omar Miguel, 2010

Reference

Tarqui-Freire, Omar Miguel 2010
EVALUACIÓN DE CLONES DE CACAO (Theobroma Cacao L.) PROVENIENTES DE PLÁNTULAS HÍBRIDAS SELECCIONADAS POR RESISTENCIA A LA ENFERMEDAD ESCOBA DE BRUJA (Moniliopththora Perniciosa). Universidad Tecnica Estatal de Quevedo, Ecuador
Notes

This study took place in the INIAP Pichlingue breeding trials designed to develop clones with good production and disease resistance characteristics. Progenies were created in crossing schemes from parents of different genetic backgrounds and the seedlings evaluated for field incidence of Witches' Broom under heavy natural inoculation pressure (2005-2006). Promising individuals were propagated and planted in trials together with clones CCN 51 and EET 103 as controls (two repetitions, with three plants per clone in each repitition) and using EET 109 as borders. A set of 79 clones was selected for further evaluation and the following data were recorded in 2008-09 Number of healthy pods, Fresh weight beans per tree, Number of Witches Broom infected pods, Number of vegetative brooms, Number of Witches' Broom infected flower cushions and Number of chirimoya fruits (pathenocarpic fruits). A Principal Components Analysis and a cluster analysis were performed using the Ward method and a dendrogram was constructed to determine the similarity between productive and disease resistance characteristics, and four groups were identified. Clones INIAPT-374 (Group 1) and INIAPT-484, INIAPT-533, INIAPT-632, INIAPT-405, INIAPT-641, INIAPT-302, INIAPT-561, INIAPT-656, INIAPT-573 (Group 2) showed early promise.

Disease Yield; INIAP T 566 Tarqui-Freire, Omar Miguel, 2010

Reference

Tarqui-Freire, Omar Miguel 2010
EVALUACIÓN DE CLONES DE CACAO (Theobroma Cacao L.) PROVENIENTES DE PLÁNTULAS HÍBRIDAS SELECCIONADAS POR RESISTENCIA A LA ENFERMEDAD ESCOBA DE BRUJA (Moniliopththora Perniciosa). Universidad Tecnica Estatal de Quevedo, Ecuador
Notes

This study took place in the INIAP Pichlingue breeding trials designed to develop clones with good production and disease resistance characteristics. Progenies were created in crossing schemes from parents of different genetic backgrounds and the seedlings evaluated for field incidence of Witches' Broom under heavy natural inoculation pressure (2005-2006). Promising individuals were propagated and planted in trials together with clones CCN 51 and EET 103 as controls (two repetitions, with three plants per clone in each repitition) and using EET 109 as borders. A set of 79 clones was selected for further evaluation and the following data were recorded in 2008-09 Number of healthy pods, Fresh weight beans per tree, Number of Witches Broom infected pods, Number of vegetative brooms, Number of Witches' Broom infected flower cushions and Number of chirimoya fruits (pathenocarpic fruits). A Principal Components Analysis and a cluster analysis were performed using the Ward method and a dendrogram was constructed to determine the similarity between productive and disease resistance characteristics, and four groups were identified. Clones INIAPT-374 (Group 1) and INIAPT-484, INIAPT-533, INIAPT-632, INIAPT-405, INIAPT-641, INIAPT-302, INIAPT-561, INIAPT-656, INIAPT-573 (Group 2) showed early promise.

Disease Yield

POPULATION

Motamayor, J.C. et al., 2008: 'Curaray' Population; Reference

Reference

Motamayor, J.C., Lachenaud, P., da Silva e Mota, J.W., Loor, R., Kuhn, D.N., Brown, J.S. & Schnell, R.J. 2008
Geographic and Genetic Population Differentiation of the Amazonian Chocolate Tree (Theobroma cacao L). PLoS ONE 3(10): e3311. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0003311
Population SSR

GENOME/TRANSCRIPTOME DATA LINKS

Xavier Argout et al., 2023

Reference

BioProject: PRJNA880462 NCBI ENA FASTQ

Library Source: Genomic

Run: SRR21562084 NCBI ENA FASTQ

Experiment: SRX17564495

BioSample: SAMN30841456

SampleName: LCTEEN_37

HELD IN

Show Details Hide Details

Costa Rica, Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza (CATIE): List received in 2018 Reference

Reference

Allan Mata 2018
Accession list for the International Cacao Collection at CATIE (IC3). Personal communication.
Notes

Excel file received by email.; • Accession: 21184; - Local Name: LCTEEN-37; - Year of Accession: 1996
Cote d'Ivoire, Centre National de Recherche Agronomique (CNRA): List received in 1995 Reference

Reference

N'Goran, J., Laurent, V., Risterucci, A.M. & Lanaud, C. 1995
Evaluation de la diversite genetique des cacaoyers a l'aide de marqueurs moleculaires de type RFLP et RAPD: Comparaison des deux methodes. In: Proceedings of the 11th International Cocoa Research Conference, 1993, Yammoussoukro, Cote d'Ivoire, 1993. Cocoa Producers' Alliance, Lagos, Nigeria. pp. 327-334.; • Local Name: LCT EEN 37; - Year of Accession: 1989
Ecuador, Estacion Experimental Central de la Amazonía: List received in 1990 Reference

Reference

Ecuador - Napo 1990
Lista de los materiales en San Carlos, Napo, basada en Informe Final de Allen, 1987, y la lista de CRU, Trinidad (29 Junio 1990), de materiales ya establecidos. Unpublished report, E.E.T. San Carlos, Napo, Ecuador, pp. 2.; • Local Name: LCT EEN 37
Ecuador, Estation Experimental Tropical Pichilingue: List received in 2012 Reference

Reference

EET - Pichilingue 2012
Accessions planted in EET - Pichilingue, Ecuador. Freddy Amores and Ignacio Sotomayor C, personal communication, February 2012.; • Local Name: LCTENN - 37; - Year of Accession: 1997
Ghana, Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana (CRIG): List received in 2012 Reference

Reference

CRIG 2012
Cocoa accessions held in the Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana (CRIG). Francis Kwame Padi, personal communication, February 2012.; • Local Name: LECTEEN37
Honduras, Fundación Hondureña de Investigación Agrícola (FHIA): List received in 1994 Reference

Reference

Honduras - CEDEC 1994
List of accessions in CEDEC, La Masica, Honduras. J.A. Sanchez, FHIA, Honduras. Personal Communication.; • Local Name: LCT EEN 37
Malaysia, Agricultural Research Centre (ARC): List received in 1994 Reference

Reference

Malaysia - ARC Tuaran 1994
Accessions in the Malaysian Cocoa Board collection obtained from USDA Mayaguez since 1991. M.T. Lee, MCB, Malaysia. Personal Communication.; • Local Name: LCT EEN 37; - Year of Accession: 1992
United States of America, USDA-SHRS: List received in 2010 Reference

Reference

USDA-ARS, SHRS, NCGR, National Germplasm Repository, Miami, Florida, USA. 2010
List of cocoa accessions held at Miami and Coconut Grove (Plant Introduction Station) in July, 2010. USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN). [Online Database] National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
Notes

Website visited 8th July 2010.

Link Unavailable [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/tax_site_acc.pl?MAY%20Theobroma%20cacao]; • Accession: MIA 30572 GRIN-Global; - Local Name: LCT-EEN 37; - Year of Accession: 1984

YIELD

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Pod Index: 43.0 (pods per kg dried beans); Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower

BEAN

Allen, J.B., 1987: Colour Dark Purple: Present; Colour Light Purple: Absent; Colour White: Absent; Number: 37.0; Length: 27.3 mm; Width: 13.3 mm; Thickness: 10.2 mm; Cotyledon Wet Weight: 2.28 g; Reference

Reference

Allen, J.B. 1987
London Cocoa Trade Amazon Project. Final Report Phase 2. Cocoa Growers' Bulletin (Cadbury Schweppes plc, Birmingham, U.K.) 39: pp. 1-94.
Notes

Colombia, Ecuador - Amazon region Datafile: LCT___DC ECU - LCTAP Fruit and seed characteristics LCT2__DS LCTAP Habit and flower characteristics LCT___DS ECU - LCTAP Field and genebank data Germplasm: Details of 234 LCT-EEN and EBC accessions from material collected in the Amazon region of Ecuador and R. Caqueta, Colombia and several of Pound's collections held at the San Carlos genebank. Environment: Accessions were either described at the time of collection or after planting in the field genebank at the San Carlos site of the INIAP Napo-Payamino Experimental Station in Napo Province. In the field genebank, a maximum of 10 seedlings for each collection were planted in a single row and budwood collections were planted as a row of up to 5 plants. Trees were spaced at 3m within the row and 4m between rows. Meteorological data are given in the table as mean daily maximum and mean daily minimum temperature and mean total rainfall per month. Soil analyses were carried out in the Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Edinburgh University, UK. The table shows the means of duplicate analyses of five samples taken from the genebank site and the forest surrounding the genebank. Soil data: pH 4.2 Org. Mat. (%) 9.4 N (Total, %) 0.3 P (Total, µg/g) 702 Ca (meq/100g) 5.19 Mg (meq/100g) 1.60 K (meq/100g) 0.48 Ca/Mg (ratio) 3.24 Ca+Mg/K (ratio) 14.1 Meteorological data: Temperature (°C) Rainfall (mm) Daily Max. Daily Min. January 30.9 21.2 116.2 February 29.1 20.6 272.3 March 29.8 21.2 260.0 April 29.9 21.3 327.5 May 29.9 21.0 287.9 June 27.9 20.4 308.1 July 28.1 20.0 254.1 August 29.3 20.3 262.5 September 30.3 20.5 282.4 October 30.6 21.1 257.1 November 30.8 21.1 361.2 December 31.0 21.4 154.8 Descriptors: The coding of the descriptors, and the methodology of recording, is based on the IBPGR standardised format, Engels et al., 1980 [ENG80A] and Engels, 1981 [ENG81A]. However, pod and bean data were recorded from a sample of 1-5 pods per collection, rather than the recommended sample of 10-20 pods due to limited availability of pods.

Bean Fruit
Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Colour: dark purple; Shape: oblong; Number: 24.0; Total Wet Weight: 36.8 g; Cotyledon Dry Weight: 0.97 g; Cotyledon Length: 22.5 mm; Cotyledon Width: 10.9 mm; Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower

BUTTERFAT

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Testa: 5.00 %; Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower

FRUIT

Allen, J.B., 1987: Basal Constriction: absent; Apex Form: slightly obtuse; Rugosity: intense; Husk Thickness: 26 mm; Length: 220.0 mm; Breadth: 121.0 mm; Colour: anthocyanin absent; Weight: 1325.0 g; Length Breadth Ratio: 1.81; Note: genebank data; Reference

Reference

Allen, J.B. 1987
London Cocoa Trade Amazon Project. Final Report Phase 2. Cocoa Growers' Bulletin (Cadbury Schweppes plc, Birmingham, U.K.) 39: pp. 1-94.
Notes

Colombia, Ecuador - Amazon region Datafile: LCT___DC ECU - LCTAP Fruit and seed characteristics LCT2__DS LCTAP Habit and flower characteristics LCT___DS ECU - LCTAP Field and genebank data Germplasm: Details of 234 LCT-EEN and EBC accessions from material collected in the Amazon region of Ecuador and R. Caqueta, Colombia and several of Pound's collections held at the San Carlos genebank. Environment: Accessions were either described at the time of collection or after planting in the field genebank at the San Carlos site of the INIAP Napo-Payamino Experimental Station in Napo Province. In the field genebank, a maximum of 10 seedlings for each collection were planted in a single row and budwood collections were planted as a row of up to 5 plants. Trees were spaced at 3m within the row and 4m between rows. Meteorological data are given in the table as mean daily maximum and mean daily minimum temperature and mean total rainfall per month. Soil analyses were carried out in the Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Edinburgh University, UK. The table shows the means of duplicate analyses of five samples taken from the genebank site and the forest surrounding the genebank. Soil data: pH 4.2 Org. Mat. (%) 9.4 N (Total, %) 0.3 P (Total, µg/g) 702 Ca (meq/100g) 5.19 Mg (meq/100g) 1.60 K (meq/100g) 0.48 Ca/Mg (ratio) 3.24 Ca+Mg/K (ratio) 14.1 Meteorological data: Temperature (°C) Rainfall (mm) Daily Max. Daily Min. January 30.9 21.2 116.2 February 29.1 20.6 272.3 March 29.8 21.2 260.0 April 29.9 21.3 327.5 May 29.9 21.0 287.9 June 27.9 20.4 308.1 July 28.1 20.0 254.1 August 29.3 20.3 262.5 September 30.3 20.5 282.4 October 30.6 21.1 257.1 November 30.8 21.1 361.2 December 31.0 21.4 154.8 Descriptors: The coding of the descriptors, and the methodology of recording, is based on the IBPGR standardised format, Engels et al., 1980 [ENG80A] and Engels, 1981 [ENG81A]. However, pod and bean data were recorded from a sample of 1-5 pods per collection, rather than the recommended sample of 10-20 pods due to limited availability of pods.

Bean Fruit
Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Shape: elliptical; Basal Constriction: strong; Apex Form: indented; Rugosity: intense; Length: 160.0 mm; Breadth: 88.0 mm; Colour: anthocyanin absent; Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower

FLUSH

Allen, J.B., 1988: Colour: slight anthocyanin; Reference

Reference

Allen, J.B. 1988
Geographical variation and population biology in wild Theobroma cacao. PhD. Thesis, University of Edinburgh, U.K. pp. 197.
Notes

Colombia, Ecuador - Amazon region Datafile: LCT___DC ECU - LCTAP Fruit and seed characteristics LCT2__DS LCTAP Habit and flower characteristics LCT___DS ECU - LCTAP Field and genebank data Germplasm: Details of 234 LCT-EEN and EBC accessions from material collected in the Amazon region of Ecuador and R. Caqueta, Colombia and several of Pound's collections held at the San Carlos genebank. Environment: Accessions were either described at the time of collection or after planting in the field genebank at the San Carlos site of the INIAP Napo-Payamino Experimental Station in Napo Province. In the field genebank, a maximum of 10 seedlings for each collection were planted in a single row and budwood collections were planted as a row of up to 5 plants. Trees were spaced at 3m within the row and 4m between rows. Meteorological data are given in the table as mean daily maximum and mean daily minimum temperature and mean total rainfall per month. Soil analyses were carried out in the Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Edinburgh University, UK. The table shows the means of duplicate analyses of five samples taken from the genebank site and the forest surrounding the genebank. Soil data: pH 4.2 Org. Mat. (%) 9.4 N (Total, %) 0.3 P (Total, µg/g) 702 Ca (meq/100g) 5.19 Mg (meq/100g) 1.60 K (meq/100g) 0.48 Ca/Mg (ratio) 3.24 Ca+Mg/K (ratio) 14.1 Meteorological data: Temperature (°C) Rainfall (mm) Daily Max. Daily Min. January 30.9 21.2 116.2 February 29.1 20.6 272.3 March 29.8 21.2 260.0 April 29.9 21.3 327.5 May 29.9 21.0 287.9 June 27.9 20.4 308.1 July 28.1 20.0 254.1 August 29.3 20.3 262.5 September 30.3 20.5 282.4 October 30.6 21.1 257.1 November 30.8 21.1 361.2 December 31.0 21.4 154.8 Descriptors: The coding of the descriptors, and the methodology of recording, is based on the IBPGR standardised format, Engels et al., 1980 [ENG80A] and Engels, 1981 [ENG81A]. However, pod and bean data were recorded from a sample of 1-5 pods per collection, rather than the recommended sample of 10-20 pods due to limited availability of pods.

Flush Flower
Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Colour: anthocyanin absent; Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower

FLOWER

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Ligule Colour: anthocyanin absent; Stamen Colour: anthocyanin absent; Sepal Length: 7.37 mm; Ligule Width: 2.11 mm; Ovule Number: 41; Style Length: 2.48 mm; Pedicel Colour: green; Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower

REFERENCES

Allen, J.B. (1987) London Cocoa Trade Amazon Project. Final Report Phase 2. Cocoa Growers' Bulletin (Cadbury Schweppes plc, Birmingham, U.K.) 39: pp. 1-94.

Tarqui-Freire, Omar Miguel (2010) EVALUACIÓN DE CLONES DE CACAO (Theobroma Cacao L.) PROVENIENTES DE PLÁNTULAS HÍBRIDAS SELECCIONADAS POR RESISTENCIA A LA ENFERMEDAD ESCOBA DE BRUJA (Moniliopththora Perniciosa). Universidad Tecnica Estatal de Quevedo, Ecuador

Motamayor, J.C., Lachenaud, P., da Silva e Mota, J.W., Loor, R., Kuhn, D.N., Brown, J.S. & Schnell, R.J. (2008) Geographic and Genetic Population Differentiation of the Amazonian Chocolate Tree (Theobroma cacao L). PLoS ONE 3(10): e3311. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0003311

Xavier Argout, Gaetan Droc, Olivier Fouet, Mathieu Rouard, Karine Labadie, Bénédicte Rhoné, Gaston Rey Loor & Claire Lanaud (2023) Pangenomic exploration of Theobroma cacao: New Insights into Gene Content Diversity and Selection During Domestication. bioRxiv preprint

Allan Mata (2018) Accession list for the International Cacao Collection at CATIE (IC3). Personal communication.

N'Goran, J., Laurent, V., Risterucci, A.M. & Lanaud, C. (1995) Evaluation de la diversite genetique des cacaoyers a l'aide de marqueurs moleculaires de type RFLP et RAPD: Comparaison des deux methodes. In: Proceedings of the 11th International Cocoa Research Conference, 1993, Yammoussoukro, Cote d'Ivoire, 1993. Cocoa Producers' Alliance, Lagos, Nigeria. pp. 327-334.

Ecuador - Napo (1990) Lista de los materiales en San Carlos, Napo, basada en Informe Final de Allen, 1987, y la lista de CRU, Trinidad (29 Junio 1990), de materiales ya establecidos. Unpublished report, E.E.T. San Carlos, Napo, Ecuador, pp. 2.

EET - Pichilingue (2012) Accessions planted in EET - Pichilingue, Ecuador. Freddy Amores and Ignacio Sotomayor C, personal communication, February 2012.

CRIG (2012) Cocoa accessions held in the Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana (CRIG). Francis Kwame Padi, personal communication, February 2012.

Honduras - CEDEC (1994) List of accessions in CEDEC, La Masica, Honduras. J.A. Sanchez, FHIA, Honduras. Personal Communication.

Malaysia - ARC Tuaran (1994) Accessions in the Malaysian Cocoa Board collection obtained from USDA Mayaguez since 1991. M.T. Lee, MCB, Malaysia. Personal Communication.

USDA-ARS, SHRS, NCGR, National Germplasm Repository, Miami, Florida, USA. (2010) List of cocoa accessions held at Miami and Coconut Grove (Plant Introduction Station) in July, 2010. USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN). [Online Database] National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee (2022) Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.

Allen, J.B. (1988) Geographical variation and population biology in wild Theobroma cacao. PhD. Thesis, University of Edinburgh, U.K. pp. 197.