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ICS 69 Group Name Theobroma cacao

Lockwood, G. & Gyamfi, M.M.O. (1979)
The CRIG cocoa germplasm collection with notes on codes used in the breeding programme at Tafo and elsewhere. Technical Bulletin, No. 10, Cocoa Research Institute, Tafo, Ghana. pp. 62.

Derivation: Imperial College Selections.
Location: ICTA, Trinidad and Tobago.

Notes: Lockwood & Gyamfi, 1979 [LOC79A] Selections from farms in Trinidad (1-100) and from Criollo progenies (101-107).

Cope, 1949a [COP49A]. One hundred selections were made as a result of a survey started in 1930 by Pound.

Bartley, 1993a [BAR93A]. Numbers 1 to 100 were selected from all over Trinidad, numbers 101 to 107 were Criollo trees selected from a farm but all have been lost and numbers greater than 111 are selections made in an experimental programme.

Bartley, 1996a [BAR96A]. The ICS material includes several clones which resulted from recent (at that time) introductions. These include Criollos from Nicaragua (ICS 60 and its relatives) or Venezuela. Other ICS clones represent "Amazonian" types originally introduced from the Orinoco. It is likely that several introductions were involved in creating the diversity that existed in Trinidad when Pound started the selection work.

Bartley, 1997b [BAR97B] From ICS 113 onwards these clones were used as parents in the AX / MX series. The same cross be known by an equivalent C [TTO] name.

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Synonyms: I S C 69

PEDIGREE DETAILS

Mother to:: SI 69 /1 Trinidad - CRU, 2002

Reference

Trinidad - CRU 2002
ICG,T accessions database, reply to queries regarding names new to ICGD. Dr. David Butler, ICG,T Trinidad. Personal Communication. 12 September 2002.
Notes

Trinidad - International Cocoa Genebank, CRU, University of the West Indies Datafile: PROGENY_
Father to:: SI 69 /1 Trinidad - CRU, 2002

Reference

Trinidad - CRU 2002
ICG,T accessions database, reply to queries regarding names new to ICGD. Dr. David Butler, ICG,T Trinidad. Personal Communication. 12 September 2002.
Notes

Trinidad - International Cocoa Genebank, CRU, University of the West Indies Datafile: PROGENY_

HELD IN

Trinidad and Tobago, International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad (ICG,T): List received in 2011 Reference

Reference

CRU 2011
ICG,T accessions. CRU website.
Notes

Website visited 12th April 2011

Link Unavailable [http://sta.uwi.edu/cru/icgt-accessions.asp]; • Local Name: ICS 69

DISEASE

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Phytophthora: Resistant, sp. P. palmivora (Pod).; Note: Fully grown, unripe detached pods (4-5 months old); A.D. Iwaro & D. R. Butler, 2003

Reference

A.D. Iwaro & D. R. Butler 2003
Sources of Resistance to Phytophthora Pod Rot at the International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad. In: Proceedings of the 14th International Cocoa Research Conference, Accra, Ghana (October 2003). Cocoa Producers' Alliance, Lagos, Nigeria.
Disease; Resistant, sp. P. palmivora (Pod).; Note: Score: 1 (1-8 Scale). Fully grown, unripe detached pods (4-5 months old).; A.D. Iwaro et al., 2006

Reference

A.D. Iwaro, D.R. Butler & A.B. Eskes 2006
Sources of resistance to Phytophthora pod rot at the International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution (2006) 53: 99–109
Notes

DOI 10.1007/s10722-004-1411-1

Disease; Susceptible, sp. P. palmivora (Pod).; Sreenivasan, T.N., 1993

Reference

Sreenivasan, T.N. 1993
Screening for resistance to Black Pod. T.N. Sreenivasan, CRU, Trinidad. Personal Communication.
Notes

Trinidad - CRU, University of the West Indies Datafile: DIS_PHDS - Disease reaction to Phytophthora Descriptors: Resistance of pods to infection from Phytophthora palmivora Environment: Trinidad, ICG,T. No further details. Germplasm: 54 clones of which 40 are ICS clones. The remainder include SCA, CATONGO and TSH.

Disease; Susceptible, sp. P. palmivora (Pod).; Sreenivasan, T.N., 1980

Reference

Sreenivasan, T.N. 1980
Screening for resistance to Black Pod. Cocoa Research Unit Annual Report on Cocoa Research 1975-1980. University of the West Indies, Trinidad. p.16.
Notes

Trinidad - CRU, University of the West Indies Datafile: DIS_PHDS - Disease reaction to Phytophthora Descriptors: Resistance of pods to P. palmivora infection after inoculation. Environment: Inoculation of P. palmivora (MF1) on attached pods. Germplasm: Fifty-six cocoa cultivars, the majority of which were ICS clones, with the inclusion of SCA 6, SCA 12, TSH 1188, TSH 1260, CATONGO, RB 1 [BRA], REDAMEL 1/22 and IMC 67.

Disease
Witches Broom: Tolerant (Vegetative).; Trinidad - CRU, 1994

Reference

Trinidad - CRU 1994
Cocoa Research Unit. Report for 1994. The University of the West Indies.
Notes

Trinidad - CRU, University of the West Indies Datafile: ICGTF_DS TTO - ICG,T Flower Characters ICGTFRDS TTO - ICG,T Fruit Characters ICGTL_DS TTO - ICG,T Leaf Characters DIS_WBDS - Disease reaction to Witches' Broom Germplasm: Flower descriptor data is presented for 620 clones. Fruit descriptor data is presented for 333 clones. The seed characters of 118 clones are partly described. Leaf descriptor data is presented for 229 clones. The germplasm is mainly of Peruvian, Ecuadorian and Colombian origin. Environment: Each clone is represented in the collection by up to 16 trees planted 1.8 m apart in a block design. Shading is provided by Erythrina sp. (spaced 60m apart) and bananas (spaced 4m apart). Fertilizer, N-P-K (15:10:5), is provided twice a year at 250g per tree. Cyclic irrigation is performed from February to May (10 l of water per plant/week). Soil type group -33 A 1 Soil Series - Cunupia fine sandy clay with restricted internal drainage Lithology - silty clay alluvium Drainage - imperfect Slope category - 0°-2° Meterological data are given in this table as mean maximum, mean minimum and overall mean temperature and mean total rainfall per month over the period 1961-1990. Month Temp. (°C) Rainfall Max Min Mean (mm) January 30.1 20.8 24.6 71.2 February 30.2 20.8 25.0 43.3 March 31.2 21.4 25.7 36.6 April 31.8 22.3 26.5 51.1 May 31.6 23.3 26.9 116.5 June 30.6 23.3 26.4 252.1 July 30.8 23.0 26.2 266.3 August 31.2 22.9 26.4 250.1 September 31.5 22.8 26.5 202.5 October 31.4 22.82 6.41 99.3 November 30.8 22.4 25.9 227.8 December 30.2 21.5 25.2 155.6 Descriptors: The character selection is based on the IBPGR list (IBPGR, 1981 [IBP81A]). Where descriptor states present real measurements, e.g. pod length in cm, the data are given as the mean of all the measurements ± the standard deviation. For some descriptors, such as Leaf, flush colour, the phenotypic expression of the character is coded on a scale from 0 to 9. On this scale '0' represents the lowest or weakest expression of a characteristic and '9' represents the highest or strongest. Leaf and Flower Characteristics p.300-307 Morphological Characteristics of Flowers, Fruit and Leaves- ICGT, Trinidad, Disease - Crinipellis perniciosa (Marasmius perniciosa) (local names: Witches' Broom Disease, Escoba de bruja, Balai de sorciere, Vassoura de bruxa).

Disease

YIELD

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Pod Index: 23.6 (pods per kg dried beans); Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower

BEAN

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Colour: dark purple; Shape: oblong; Number: 35.0; Total Wet Weight: 67.1 g; Cotyledon Dry Weight: 1.21 g; Cotyledon Length: 23.3 mm; Cotyledon Width: 12.6 mm; Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower

BUTTERFAT

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Testa: 5.10 %; Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower

FRUIT

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Shape: elliptical; Basal Constriction: moderate; Apex Form: attenuate; Rugosity: moderate; Length: 177.0 mm; Breadth: 76.0 mm; Colour: anthocyanin absent; Hardness: moderate; Note: Hardness > 1.6 and <= 2.0 Mpa; Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower

FLUSH

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Colour: slight anthocyanin; Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower

FLOWER

Bartley, B.G.D., 1970: Self Compatibility: self compatible; Reference

Reference

Bartley, B.G.D. 1970
A preliminary catalogue of the cacao germplasm held at the University of the West Indies, Trinidad. University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad.
Notes

Trinidad - University of the West Indies Datafile: ICGT2_DS TTO - UWI Cacao Collection Germplasm: Passport descriptors for approximately 1000 accessions of mainly South American and Trinidadian origin. Environment: No details. Descriptors: Six descriptors for fruit, seed and compatability characteristics. Character Data: Combinations used FXC = forastero x criollo, TX = trinitario cross

Bean Fruit Flower
Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Ligule Colour: slight anthocyanin; Stamen Colour: intense anthocyanin; Sepal Length: 7.45 mm; Ligule Width: 2.30 mm; Ovule Number: 34; Style Length: 2.31 mm; Pedicel Colour: red; Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower

REFERENCES

Lockwood, G. & Gyamfi, M.M.O. (1979) The CRIG cocoa germplasm collection with notes on codes used in the breeding programme at Tafo and elsewhere. Technical Bulletin, No. 10, Cocoa Research Institute, Tafo, Ghana. pp. 62.

Trinidad - CRU (2002) ICG,T accessions database, reply to queries regarding names new to ICGD. Dr. David Butler, ICG,T Trinidad. Personal Communication. 12 September 2002.

CRU (2011) ICG,T accessions. CRU website.

A.D. Iwaro & D. R. Butler (2003) Sources of Resistance to Phytophthora Pod Rot at the International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad. In: Proceedings of the 14th International Cocoa Research Conference, Accra, Ghana (October 2003). Cocoa Producers' Alliance, Lagos, Nigeria.

A.D. Iwaro, D.R. Butler & A.B. Eskes (2006) Sources of resistance to Phytophthora pod rot at the International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution (2006) 53: 99–109

Sreenivasan, T.N. (1993) Screening for resistance to Black Pod. T.N. Sreenivasan, CRU, Trinidad. Personal Communication.

Sreenivasan, T.N. (1980) Screening for resistance to Black Pod. Cocoa Research Unit Annual Report on Cocoa Research 1975-1980. University of the West Indies, Trinidad. p.16.

Trinidad - CRU (1994) Cocoa Research Unit. Report for 1994. The University of the West Indies.

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee (2022) Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.

Bartley, B.G.D. (1970) A preliminary catalogue of the cacao germplasm held at the University of the West Indies, Trinidad. University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad.