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NA 31 Group Name Theobroma cacao

Pound, F.J. (1938)
Cacao and Witchbroom Disease of South America with notes on other species of Theobroma. Archives of Cocoa Research 1: pp. 26-71.

Derivation: river NAnay.
Collected by Pound.
Location: R. Nanay, Peru.

Pound, 1938a [POU38A]. Fruit - unpigmented, half blanco, long oval, slightly warty, no conspicuous point nor bottle neck. Bartley, 1995a [BAR95A]. Pound describes the typical NANAY as above (pod colour between light/intermediate green) but fruits with different characteristics appear among the NA clones of today which result from seedling progenies of the original collections. Posnette, 1945a [POS45A]. Fan branches are characterised by relatively short (less than 2 cm) petioles in which the pulvini are not clearly separated until the leaf ages, when a shallow constriction may develop. The stamen filaments are always pigmented to some degree, usually heavily.

Notes: Collected in 1937.

Pound, 1938a [POU38A]. Pods were probably collected from 14 trees which were free of witches' broom disease.

Pound, 1943b [POU43B]. 708 plants were planted at Marper farm.

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Synonyms: G VI 52, NANAI 31, NANAY 31

PEDIGREE DETAILS

Mother to:: PBC 130 Malaysia - Prang Besar, 1982

Reference

Malaysia - Prang Besar 1982
Prang Besar Cocoa Clones. Internal Report, Harisson & Crossfields, Prang Besar Research Station, Malaysia. pp. 20.
Notes

Malaysia - Prang Besar Datafile: PBC___DS MYS - Prang Besar1, PBC clones Germplasm: Information is given on 10 PBC clones evaluated at Prang Besar research station between 1968-1981. Most of these clones are derived from outstanding seedlings selected from F1 hybrid plantings on Harrisons & Crossfield Estates and from vigorous seedlings within F1 progenies imported by MARDI from Brazil and Costa Rica. Environment: Some trials located on rather acidic soils, subject to some waterlogging and drying out. Descriptors: Leaf, fruit, seed and agronomic characteristics are described.

Disease Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Leaf
Father to:: A 1451 [MYS] Department of Agriculture, Malaysia., 1988

Reference

Department of Agriculture, Malaysia. 1988
1988 Annual Research Report. Cocoa Research Station, Quoin Hill, Tawau. Research Branch, Department of Agriculture, Sabah, Malaysia.
Bean; T 76 [POS] Ghana - WACRI, No Date

Reference

Ghana - WACRI No Date
WACRI Cocoa Varieties. Explanatory notes. West African Cocoa Research Institute, Tafo, Ghana. A. Asare Nyako, Ghanaian Cocoa Board, Ghana. Personal Communication.
Notes

Ghana - WACRI Datafile: PROGENY_ These notes deal with the Amazon cocoa being issued from WACRI and with the varieties under test in the Series I and Series II trials.

HELD IN

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Ghana, Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana (CRIG): List received in 2012 Reference

Reference

CRIG 2012
Cocoa accessions held in the Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana (CRIG). Francis Kwame Padi, personal communication, February 2012.; • Local Name: NA31; - Year of Accession: 1968
India, Central Plantation Crops Research Institute (CPCRI): List received in 2008 Reference

Reference

CPCRI 2008
Cocoa germplasm maintained at the Central Plantation Crops Research Institute (CPCRI) Regional Station, Vittal, India. Data supplied to ICGD by email. D. Balasimha, CPCRI Vittal, India, July 2008.; • Accession: VTLC 60; - Local Name: NA 31
India, Kerala Agricultural University: List received in 1991 Reference

Reference

India - Kerala 1991
Report of germplasm collection at Kerala Agricultural University. R.V. Nair, Unpublished Report, Kerala Agricultural University, Kerala, India, pp. 3.; • Local Name: G VI 52
Malaysia, Agricultural Research Centre (ARC): List received in 1990 Reference

Reference

Malaysia - ARC Tuaran 1990
List of clones held in the Dept. of Agriculture's collection, at Sabah, Tuaran, Malaysia. E.B. Tay, Malaysian Cocoa Board, Malaysia. Personal Communication.; • Local Name: NA 31
Togo, Institut de Recherches du Cafe et du Cacao (IRCC): List received in 1991 Reference

Reference

Togo - IRCC Togo 1991
Collection des clones de cacaoyers presents au Togo. Unpublished report, IRCC Togo, p.1.; • Local Name: NA 31

DISEASE

Vascular Streak Dieback: 33.00 % Infection; Note: 18 plants sampled..; Subali, S., 1992

Reference

Subali, S. 1992
MARDI's results on performance of imported primary cocoa clones. In: Unpublished Proceedings of MCGC Mini-Seminar on the Performance of Imported Cocoa Clones, 13th October, 1992. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Notes

Malaysia - MARDI Datafile: MARDI_DS MYS - MARDI Germplasm: Agronomic and morphological characteristics of some of the clones held by MARDI. Environment: No details.

Disease

YIELD

Malaysia - Applied Agriculture, 1992: Seed Index: 84.0 (dried beans per 100g); Pod Index: 25.9 (pods per kg dried beans); Reference

Reference

Malaysia - Applied Agriculture 1992
Data from Applied Agriculture Research Unit (AARU). In: Unpublished Proceedings of MCGC Mini-Seminar on the Performance of Imported Cocoa Clones, 13th October 1992, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: pp. 4.
Notes

Malaysia - Applied Agriculture Research Datafile: AARU__DS MYS - Applied Agriculture Germplasm: Agronomic characteristics of 120 of the clones held at Applied Agriculture Research. The clones were field budded on 1982 seedlings planting between 1984 and 1987. Environment: No details given.

Yield Bean
Malaysia - BAL Plantations, 1991: Seed Index: 101.0 (dried beans per 100g); Pod Index: 29.6 (pods per kg dried beans); Reference

Reference

Malaysia - BAL Plantations 1991
Results from cocoa butter content determinations using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis. G. Lockwood, CDC, U.K. Personal Communication.
Notes

Malaysia - BAL Plantations Datafile: BAL2__DS MYS - BAL Plantations (update) Environment: Trials are planted on Table Estate, Tawau. Trial CA81 - planted August 1987 in 3x6 tree plots, 3 replicates randomised blocks, trees spaced at 3.8m x 2.4 m (1,096 trees/ha). Trial CA88 - similar design, planted August 1988. Soil type is fairly fertile young volcanic basalt. Average rainfall is c. 2100 mm/year well distributed, the driest month being February with about 150 mm. Descriptors: Cocoa butter analysis:- samples of a minimum of 2 kg were fermented in net bags placed in the fermentation heap and subsequently fast (i.e. continuously) dried. Determinations were carried out by MacRobertson Foods Pte Ltd. (a division of Cadbury-Schweppes Ltd.) in Singapore using a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance machine.

Yield Bean Butterfat Flower

BEAN

Malaysia - Applied Agriculture, 1992: Number: 32.3; Dry Weight: 1.19 g; Reference

Reference

Malaysia - Applied Agriculture 1992
Data from Applied Agriculture Research Unit (AARU). In: Unpublished Proceedings of MCGC Mini-Seminar on the Performance of Imported Cocoa Clones, 13th October 1992, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: pp. 4.
Notes

Malaysia - Applied Agriculture Research Datafile: AARU__DS MYS - Applied Agriculture Germplasm: Agronomic characteristics of 120 of the clones held at Applied Agriculture Research. The clones were field budded on 1982 seedlings planting between 1984 and 1987. Environment: No details given.

Yield Bean
Malaysia - BAL Plantations, 1991: Number: 34.0; Total Dry Weight: 33.8 g; Dry Weight: 0.99 g; Note: 61 plants sampled; Reference

Reference

Malaysia - BAL Plantations 1991
Results from cocoa butter content determinations using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis. G. Lockwood, CDC, U.K. Personal Communication.
Notes

Malaysia - BAL Plantations Datafile: BAL2__DS MYS - BAL Plantations (update) Environment: Trials are planted on Table Estate, Tawau. Trial CA81 - planted August 1987 in 3x6 tree plots, 3 replicates randomised blocks, trees spaced at 3.8m x 2.4 m (1,096 trees/ha). Trial CA88 - similar design, planted August 1988. Soil type is fairly fertile young volcanic basalt. Average rainfall is c. 2100 mm/year well distributed, the driest month being February with about 150 mm. Descriptors: Cocoa butter analysis:- samples of a minimum of 2 kg were fermented in net bags placed in the fermentation heap and subsequently fast (i.e. continuously) dried. Determinations were carried out by MacRobertson Foods Pte Ltd. (a division of Cadbury-Schweppes Ltd.) in Singapore using a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance machine.

Yield Bean Butterfat Flower

BUTTERFAT

Malaysia - BAL Plantations, 1991: Butterfat Content: 57.70 %; Maximum Butterfat Content: 60.22 %; Minimum Butterfat Content: 54.78 %; Note: 9 plants sampled; Reference

Reference

Malaysia - BAL Plantations 1991
Results from cocoa butter content determinations using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis. G. Lockwood, CDC, U.K. Personal Communication.
Notes

Malaysia - BAL Plantations Datafile: BAL2__DS MYS - BAL Plantations (update) Environment: Trials are planted on Table Estate, Tawau. Trial CA81 - planted August 1987 in 3x6 tree plots, 3 replicates randomised blocks, trees spaced at 3.8m x 2.4 m (1,096 trees/ha). Trial CA88 - similar design, planted August 1988. Soil type is fairly fertile young volcanic basalt. Average rainfall is c. 2100 mm/year well distributed, the driest month being February with about 150 mm. Descriptors: Cocoa butter analysis:- samples of a minimum of 2 kg were fermented in net bags placed in the fermentation heap and subsequently fast (i.e. continuously) dried. Determinations were carried out by MacRobertson Foods Pte Ltd. (a division of Cadbury-Schweppes Ltd.) in Singapore using a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance machine.

Yield Bean Butterfat Flower

FLOWER

Posnette, A.F., 1945: Self Compatibility: self incompatible; Reference

Reference

Posnette, A.F. 1945
Incompatibility in Amazon cacao. Tropical Agriculture (Trinidad) 22: pp. 184-187.
Notes

Trinidad - Imperical College of Tropical Agriculture, University of the West Indies Datafile: COMP__DS - Compatibility Experimental Conditions: Cross-compatibility study carried out at Imperial College of Tropical Agriculture, Trinidad. Pollinations were carried out by hand with the flowers being covered by fine muslin the day before opening. Self-Incompatible - no sets from at least 10 pollinations Cross-Incompatible - no sets from at least 10 pollinations Cross-compatible - at least 25% setting

Flower

REFERENCES

Pound, F.J. (1938) Cacao and Witchbroom Disease of South America with notes on other species of Theobroma. Archives of Cocoa Research 1: pp. 26-71.

Malaysia - Prang Besar (1982) Prang Besar Cocoa Clones. Internal Report, Harisson & Crossfields, Prang Besar Research Station, Malaysia. pp. 20.

Department of Agriculture, Malaysia. (1988) 1988 Annual Research Report. Cocoa Research Station, Quoin Hill, Tawau. Research Branch, Department of Agriculture, Sabah, Malaysia.

Ghana - WACRI (No Date) WACRI Cocoa Varieties. Explanatory notes. West African Cocoa Research Institute, Tafo, Ghana. A. Asare Nyako, Ghanaian Cocoa Board, Ghana. Personal Communication.

CRIG (2012) Cocoa accessions held in the Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana (CRIG). Francis Kwame Padi, personal communication, February 2012.

CPCRI (2008) Cocoa germplasm maintained at the Central Plantation Crops Research Institute (CPCRI) Regional Station, Vittal, India. Data supplied to ICGD by email. D. Balasimha, CPCRI Vittal, India, July 2008.

India - Kerala (1991) Report of germplasm collection at Kerala Agricultural University. R.V. Nair, Unpublished Report, Kerala Agricultural University, Kerala, India, pp. 3.

Malaysia - ARC Tuaran (1990) List of clones held in the Dept. of Agriculture's collection, at Sabah, Tuaran, Malaysia. E.B. Tay, Malaysian Cocoa Board, Malaysia. Personal Communication.

Togo - IRCC Togo (1991) Collection des clones de cacaoyers presents au Togo. Unpublished report, IRCC Togo, p.1.

Subali, S. (1992) MARDI's results on performance of imported primary cocoa clones. In: Unpublished Proceedings of MCGC Mini-Seminar on the Performance of Imported Cocoa Clones, 13th October, 1992. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Malaysia - Applied Agriculture (1992) Data from Applied Agriculture Research Unit (AARU). In: Unpublished Proceedings of MCGC Mini-Seminar on the Performance of Imported Cocoa Clones, 13th October 1992, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: pp. 4.

Malaysia - BAL Plantations (1991) Results from cocoa butter content determinations using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis. G. Lockwood, CDC, U.K. Personal Communication.

Posnette, A.F. (1945) Incompatibility in Amazon cacao. Tropical Agriculture (Trinidad) 22: pp. 184-187.