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SC 51 [COL] Group Name Theobroma cacao

Hunter, J.R. (1961)
The status of cacao variety improvement work in the Western Hemisphere. Cacao (Costa Rica) 4: pp. 1-16.

Derivation: Seleccion Colombiana.
Location: Palmira, Valle, Colombia.

Notes: Doak & Zambrano, 1961 [DOA61A] Collected in 1961.

Bartley, 1993a [BAR93A]. May be the same as MIRANDA in Soria, 1970a [SOR70A].

In previous versions of the ICGD the SPA [COL] clones were included as synonyms of the group SC [COL] (SC 57 - 76 inclusive). The synonymy has now been reversed as this material was originally described as SPA and is more widely known under this name, as advised by Dr. Bartley.

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Synonyms: SCS 51 [COL]

GENOME/TRANSCRIPTOME DATA LINKS

Jaime A Osorio-Guarín et al., 2020

Reference

BioProject: PRJNA734904 NCBI ENA FASTQ

Library Source: Genomic

Run: SRR14743815 NCBI ENA FASTQ

Experiment: SRX11078307

BioSample: SAMN19549217

SampleName: SC51

SampleSource: AGROSAVIA, Colombia

HELD IN

Colombia, Instituto Colombiano Agropecuaria (ICA): List received in 1989 Reference

Reference

Colombia - ICA Palmira 1989
? A catalogue of the cacao germplasm at ICA Palmira. F. Ocampo Rojas, ICA Palmira, Colombia.
Notes

Formerly entered as ROJ89A; • Local Name: SC 51 [COL]

BEAN

Colombia - ICA Palmira, 1986: Colour Purple: 55 %; Colour Light Purple: 31 %; Colour White: 14 %; Size: medium; Number: 31.3; Length: 20.1 mm; Width: 12.9 mm; Thickness: 9.9 mm; Total Wet Weight: 74.8 g; Wet Weight: 1.85 g; Cotyledon Wet Weight: 1.39 g; Cotyledon Dry Weight: 1.06 g; Reference

Reference

Colombia - ICA Palmira 1986
? A catalogue of the cacao germplasm at ICA Palmira. ICA Palmira, Colombia.
Notes

Colombia - ICA Palmira Datafile: ICA___DS COL - ICA Palmira Germplasm: 85 accessions of Colombian origin, prinicipally SC and SPA clones Environment: CNI-Palmira is situated at 33°N 76°16'W. Mean temperature is 24°C and mean rainfall is 1000 mm per year. Descriptors: Descriptors based on those recommended by IBPGR (1981) [IBP81A], Enriquez and Soria (1967) [ENR67A] and Costa Rica - CATIE (1981) [ENG81A].

Bean Butterfat Fruit Leaf Flower

BUTTERFAT

Colombia - ICA Palmira, 1986: Testa: 8.90 %; Reference

Reference

Colombia - ICA Palmira 1986
? A catalogue of the cacao germplasm at ICA Palmira. ICA Palmira, Colombia.
Notes

Colombia - ICA Palmira Datafile: ICA___DS COL - ICA Palmira Germplasm: 85 accessions of Colombian origin, prinicipally SC and SPA clones Environment: CNI-Palmira is situated at 33°N 76°16'W. Mean temperature is 24°C and mean rainfall is 1000 mm per year. Descriptors: Descriptors based on those recommended by IBPGR (1981) [IBP81A], Enriquez and Soria (1967) [ENR67A] and Costa Rica - CATIE (1981) [ENG81A].

Bean Butterfat Fruit Leaf Flower

FRUIT

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Costa Rica - CATIE, 1981: Basal Constriction: slight; Apex Form: slightly acute; Rugosity: very slight; Colour: slight - moderate / slight anthocyanin (ridge/furrow); Reference

Reference

Costa Rica - CATIE 1981
Genetic Resources of Cacao. A Catalogue of the CATIE Collection. J.M.M. Engels, Tropical Agricultural Research and Training Centre, CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. Technical Bulletin No. 7: pp. 191.
Notes

Costa Rica - CATIE Datafile: CATIE__DS CRI - CATIE 1 IMAGE_DS PROGENY_ Germplasm: Descriptor information is presented for 294 clones, 8 related species and on one hybrid. In addition, limited information on a further 119 clones is given. This germplasm is mainly of Latin American origin, including the United Fruit clones, UF, and genotypes from Mexico and Brazil. Environment: Each clone is represented in the collection by up to 10 trees planted in a single row. Spacing is usually 2m within the row and 3m between the rows, although parts of the collection are planted in a 2.2 x 2.2m grid. Fertilizer, N-P-K-Mg/Ca in the ratio 18:10:6:5, is applied four times a year at 150g per tree. Shade is provided in most of the collection by an almost complete closed cover of trees of Erythrina poepiggiana and Inga spp. spaced at 12 x 12m. Character data: Seed dry weight: sample is dried for 1.5 h at 130°C and cooled in a desiccator. Seed length, seed width, seed thickness: average of 5 seeds from 20 fruits. Fruit, wall thickness at ridge: fruits are transversally sectioned and the soft endocarp tissue removed. Fruit, ridge pair separation: mean ratio of the distance between ridges within a pair and the distances between the ridges of two different pairs. Leaf, flush colour: measured when leaves are 5cm long. Producitvity: values are given as: 1=very low - c. 40 pods harvested over 3 years; 3=low, 5=intermediate - c. 40 pods obtained from 3-4 harvests over 1 year; 7=high, 9=very high - c. 40 pods harvested at one time. Pod outline drawing for each accession.

Yield Bean Fruit Flush Flower
Colombia - ICA Palmira, 1986: Shape: elliptical; Basal Constriction: strong; Apex Form: attenuate; Rugosity: moderate; Husk Thickness: 0.43 mm; Length: 192.5 mm; Breadth: 75.1 mm; Colour: yellow; Weight: 437.0 g; Hardness: soft; Length Breadth Ratio: 2.56; Reference

Reference

Colombia - ICA Palmira 1986
? A catalogue of the cacao germplasm at ICA Palmira. ICA Palmira, Colombia.
Notes

Colombia - ICA Palmira Datafile: ICA___DS COL - ICA Palmira Germplasm: 85 accessions of Colombian origin, prinicipally SC and SPA clones Environment: CNI-Palmira is situated at 33°N 76°16'W. Mean temperature is 24°C and mean rainfall is 1000 mm per year. Descriptors: Descriptors based on those recommended by IBPGR (1981) [IBP81A], Enriquez and Soria (1967) [ENR67A] and Costa Rica - CATIE (1981) [ENG81A].

Bean Butterfat Fruit Leaf Flower
Morera, J. et al., 1991: Shape: amelonado; Colour: red; Reference

Reference

Morera, J., Paredes, A. & Mora, A. 1991
Germoplasma de cacao en el CATIE entre 1947 y 1991, Programa II: Generacion y transferencia de tecnologia. IICA, San Jose, Costa Rica, pp. 49.
Notes

Costa Rica - CATIE Datafile: DIS_MODS - Disease reaction to Monilia Pod Rot CATIE3DS CRI - CATIE 3 DIS_PHDS - Disease reaction to Phytophthora DIS_CEDS - Disease reaction to Ceratocystis PROGENY_ Germplasm: Descriptions are given for 559 clones. More information on 44 of them is given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Environment: Details are given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Descriptors: Population type, self-compatibility, resistance to disease, pod shape and colour are described. Population types - CATIE, Costa Rica (3). Disease - Phytophthora palmivora, P. megakarya (Local Names: Black Pod, Podredumbre negra, Pourriture Brune, Podridao parda), Moniliophthora / Monilia roreri (local names: Watery Pod Rot, Moniliasis, Moniliose), Ceratocystis fimbriata (local names: Ceratocystis Wilt, Mal de Machete, Mort Subite).

Disease Fruit Flower

FLUSH

Costa Rica - CATIE, 1981: Colour: greyish yellow; Reference

Reference

Costa Rica - CATIE 1981
Genetic Resources of Cacao. A Catalogue of the CATIE Collection. J.M.M. Engels, Tropical Agricultural Research and Training Centre, CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. Technical Bulletin No. 7: pp. 191.
Notes

Costa Rica - CATIE Datafile: CATIE__DS CRI - CATIE 1 IMAGE_DS PROGENY_ Germplasm: Descriptor information is presented for 294 clones, 8 related species and on one hybrid. In addition, limited information on a further 119 clones is given. This germplasm is mainly of Latin American origin, including the United Fruit clones, UF, and genotypes from Mexico and Brazil. Environment: Each clone is represented in the collection by up to 10 trees planted in a single row. Spacing is usually 2m within the row and 3m between the rows, although parts of the collection are planted in a 2.2 x 2.2m grid. Fertilizer, N-P-K-Mg/Ca in the ratio 18:10:6:5, is applied four times a year at 150g per tree. Shade is provided in most of the collection by an almost complete closed cover of trees of Erythrina poepiggiana and Inga spp. spaced at 12 x 12m. Character data: Seed dry weight: sample is dried for 1.5 h at 130°C and cooled in a desiccator. Seed length, seed width, seed thickness: average of 5 seeds from 20 fruits. Fruit, wall thickness at ridge: fruits are transversally sectioned and the soft endocarp tissue removed. Fruit, ridge pair separation: mean ratio of the distance between ridges within a pair and the distances between the ridges of two different pairs. Leaf, flush colour: measured when leaves are 5cm long. Producitvity: values are given as: 1=very low - c. 40 pods harvested over 3 years; 3=low, 5=intermediate - c. 40 pods obtained from 3-4 harvests over 1 year; 7=high, 9=very high - c. 40 pods harvested at one time. Pod outline drawing for each accession.

Yield Bean Fruit Flush Flower

LEAF

Colombia - ICA Palmira, 1986: Shape: oval; Length: 316.0 mm; Width: 94.3 mm; Length to Width Ratio: 3.35; Apex Form: acuminate; Pulvinus Present: Yes; Reference

Reference

Colombia - ICA Palmira 1986
? A catalogue of the cacao germplasm at ICA Palmira. ICA Palmira, Colombia.
Notes

Colombia - ICA Palmira Datafile: ICA___DS COL - ICA Palmira Germplasm: 85 accessions of Colombian origin, prinicipally SC and SPA clones Environment: CNI-Palmira is situated at 33°N 76°16'W. Mean temperature is 24°C and mean rainfall is 1000 mm per year. Descriptors: Descriptors based on those recommended by IBPGR (1981) [IBP81A], Enriquez and Soria (1967) [ENR67A] and Costa Rica - CATIE (1981) [ENG81A].

Bean Butterfat Fruit Leaf Flower

FLOWER

Colombia - ICA Palmira, 1986: Ligule Colour: slight anthocyanin; Petal Length: 10.00 mm; Sepal Colour: slight anthocyanin; Sepal Width: 2.00 mm; Sepal Length: 7.55 mm; Sepal Length to Width Ratio: 3.77; Ligule Length: 2.96 mm; Ligule Width: 2.00 mm; Ligule Length to Width Ratio: 1.48; Ribbon Length: 3.66 mm; Ovary Width: 1.00 mm; Ovary Length: 1.10 mm; Ovary Length to Width Ratio: 1.10; Ovule Number: 38; Style Length: 2.00 mm; Staminode Colour: dark purple; Staminode Length: 7.00 mm; Pedicel Length: 13.05 mm; Pedicel Colour: dark magenta; Hairs on Upper Surface of Sepal: present; Pigmented Glands on Lower Surface of Sepal: present; Self Compatibility: self compatible; Note: Translation of Pantone colour codes.; Reference

Reference

Colombia - ICA Palmira 1986
? A catalogue of the cacao germplasm at ICA Palmira. ICA Palmira, Colombia.
Notes

Colombia - ICA Palmira Datafile: ICA___DS COL - ICA Palmira Germplasm: 85 accessions of Colombian origin, prinicipally SC and SPA clones Environment: CNI-Palmira is situated at 33°N 76°16'W. Mean temperature is 24°C and mean rainfall is 1000 mm per year. Descriptors: Descriptors based on those recommended by IBPGR (1981) [IBP81A], Enriquez and Soria (1967) [ENR67A] and Costa Rica - CATIE (1981) [ENG81A].

Bean Butterfat Fruit Leaf Flower

REFERENCES

Hunter, J.R. (1961) The status of cacao variety improvement work in the Western Hemisphere. Cacao (Costa Rica) 4: pp. 1-16.

Jaime A Osorio-Guarín, Jhon A Berdugo-Cely, Roberto A Coronado-Silva, Eliana Baez, Yeirme Jaimes, Roxana Yockteng (2020) Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Novel Candidate Genes Associated with Productivity and Disease Resistance to Moniliophthora spp. in Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.). G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics, Volume 10, Issue 5, Pages 1713–1725

Colombia - ICA Palmira (1989) ? A catalogue of the cacao germplasm at ICA Palmira. F. Ocampo Rojas, ICA Palmira, Colombia.

Colombia - ICA Palmira (1986) ? A catalogue of the cacao germplasm at ICA Palmira. ICA Palmira, Colombia.

Costa Rica - CATIE (1981) Genetic Resources of Cacao. A Catalogue of the CATIE Collection. J.M.M. Engels, Tropical Agricultural Research and Training Centre, CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. Technical Bulletin No. 7: pp. 191.

Morera, J., Paredes, A. & Mora, A. (1991) Germoplasma de cacao en el CATIE entre 1947 y 1991, Programa II: Generacion y transferencia de tecnologia. IICA, San Jose, Costa Rica, pp. 49.