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SIC 23 Group Name Theobroma cacao

Vello, F., Garcia, J.R. & Magalhaes, W.S. (1974)
Producao e selecao de cacaueiros hibridos na Bahia. Proceedings of the 4th International Cocoa Conference, 1972, St. Augustine, Trinidad. Cocoa Research Unit, Trinidad. pp. 38-56.

Derivation: Selecao Instituto do Cacau.
Location: Bahia, Brazil.

Habit - prolific and vigorous. Fruit - thin husks. Seeds -small.

Notes: Vello et al., 1974a [VEL74A]. Clones with numbers less than 100 are from selections made from the area around the Experimental Station at Urucuca. Clones with numbers between 100 and 800 are the progeny from these clones and clones with numbers greater than 800 are selections from a CATONGO population at the same experimental station.

Bartley, 1995a [BAR95A]. Types include Para, Comum, Catongo and Maranhao. Possibly originally from Brazilian-Venezuelan border.

Bartley, 1998a [BAR98A] The clones in this series are constituted in the following way. Numbers 1-28 are selections made on the farm which was later developed into the Urucuca research station. Numbers 28-800 are open pollinated seedlings of the previous selections. They are random selections made without any discrimination. The rows of progeny were consecutively numbered in order of planting but unfortunately no records were kept of the original planting or of the parentage of each progeny. Numbers above 800 are seedling progenies of CATONGO. All basic characters of these plants should be the same so all of these must have white seeds if they are correctly identified.

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PEDIGREE DETAILS

Mother to:: CEPEC 1018 Brazil - CEPEC, 1987

Reference

Brazil - CEPEC 1987
List of clones in the CEPEC, Bahia, Brazil collection. Computer printout from CEPEC. Supplied by B.G.D. Bartley, CEPEC, Brazil.
Notes

Brazil - CEPEC, Itabuna, Bahia Datafile: CEPEC_DS BRA - CEPEC 1 PROGENY_ Germplasm: 564 accessions mainly of Brazilian origin. Environment: No details. Descriptors: Information on compatability pod characteristics and type of cocoa is given.

Bean Fruit Flower
Father to:: CEPEC 1018 Brazil - CEPEC, 1987

Reference

Brazil - CEPEC 1987
List of clones in the CEPEC, Bahia, Brazil collection. Computer printout from CEPEC. Supplied by B.G.D. Bartley, CEPEC, Brazil.
Notes

Brazil - CEPEC, Itabuna, Bahia Datafile: CEPEC_DS BRA - CEPEC 1 PROGENY_ Germplasm: 564 accessions mainly of Brazilian origin. Environment: No details. Descriptors: Information on compatability pod characteristics and type of cocoa is given.

Bean Fruit Flower

POPULATION

Motamayor, J.C. et al., 2008: 'Amelonado' Population; Subgroup: 'Amelonado Type II' Reference

Reference

Motamayor, J.C., Lachenaud, P., da Silva e Mota, J.W., Loor, R., Kuhn, D.N., Brown, J.S. & Schnell, R.J. 2008
Geographic and Genetic Population Differentiation of the Amazonian Chocolate Tree (Theobroma cacao L). PLoS ONE 3(10): e3311. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0003311
Population SSR

HELD IN

Brazil, Comissão Executiva do Plano da Lavoura Cacaueira/Centro de Pesquisas do Cacau (CEPLAC/CEPEC): List received in 2012 Reference

Reference

CEPEC 2012
Accession list for the CEPEC (Bahia, Brazil) collection. Dr. José Luis Pires, personal communication, February 2012.; • Accession: 10; - Local Name: SIC 23; - Year of Accession: 1980; • Accession: 10; - Local Name: SIC 23; - Year of Accession: 1979

DISEASE

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Ceratocystis: Susceptible (Branch).; Note: Based on mycelium growth and the production of perithecia.. Classed as Very Susceptible; Stela Dalva Vieira Midlej Silva, 2003

Reference

Stela Dalva Vieira Midlej Silva 2003
Ensaios Para Avaliação do Cacaueiro à Murcha-de-Ceratocystis na Bahia, Brasil. In: Proceedings of the 14th International Cocoa Research Conference, Accra, Ghana (October 2003). Cocoa Producers' Alliance, Lagos, Nigeria.
Notes

Title: 'Essays for the Assesment of Ceratocystis-Wilt in Bahia, Brazil'

Disease; Susceptible (Branch).; Note: Based on mycelium growth and the production of perithecia.. Also classed as Very Susceptible based on perithecia production.; Stela Dalva Vieira Midlej Silva, 2003

Reference

Stela Dalva Vieira Midlej Silva 2003
Ensaios Para Avaliação do Cacaueiro à Murcha-de-Ceratocystis na Bahia, Brasil. In: Proceedings of the 14th International Cocoa Research Conference, Accra, Ghana (October 2003). Cocoa Producers' Alliance, Lagos, Nigeria.
Notes

Title: 'Essays for the Assesment of Ceratocystis-Wilt in Bahia, Brazil'

Disease
Phytophthora: Susceptible, sp. P. palmivora (Pod).; Luz, E.D.M.N. et al., 1995

Reference

Luz, E.D.M.N., Silva, S.D.V.M., Yamada, M.M., Lopes, U.V., Braga, M.C.T. & Brugnerotto, M.I.B. 1995
Cacao cultivars selected for resistance to Phytophthora capsici, P. palmivora and P. citrophthora in Bahia, Brazil. In: Proceedings of the 11th International Cocoa Research Conference, Yammoussoukro, Cote d'Ivoire, 1993. Cocoa Producers' Alliance, Lagos, Nigeria. pp. 97-98.
Notes

Brazil - CEPEC, Itabuna, Bahia Datafile: DIS_PHDS - Disease reaction to Phytophthora ABSTRACT In order to select cacao parents for the Cacao Research Center (CEPEC) breeding program, 81 cultivars from CEPEC's Germplasm Collection in Itabuna, Bahia were tested for resistance to Phytophthora capsici, P. palmivora and P. citrophthora agents of black pod disease in Bahia. The cultivars tested belonged to the Brazilian series AM, BE, CA, CAS, CEPEC, EEG, MA, RB, SIAL and SIC and to the international series EET, GS, ICS, OC, PA, POUND, RIM, SCA, SGU, SPA, TSA, TSH and UF. Fully developed but unripe attached cocoa pods were point-inoculated without wounding by depositing a droplet of a 2 x 10E5/ml zoospore suspension in two places located on opposite sides of the pod. Ten replicated pods of each clone were used for each species at three distinct test times. The cultivar RIM 41 was included in all tests as a standard susceptible control. Percentage of successful infections and legion diameters were recorded 9 days later. Among 81 cultivars screened, seven were resistant to P. capsici, 21 to P. palmivora and only 2 (PA 30 and PA 150) to P. citrophthora. Only 9 cultivars showed the same reaction of tolerance (PA 30, PA 150, SIC 864 and SIAL 105) or susceptibility (AM 2, BE 3, BE 5, MA 11 and SIC 23) to infection by the three species. Based on a cluster analysis 21 cultivars (CAS 2, CEPEC 13, EET 59, EET 156, EET 228, EET 376, ICS 1, PA 16, PA 30, PA 81, PA 121, PA 150, PA 169, RB 40, RB 48, SCA 6, SIAL 105, SIAL 169, SIC 328, SIC 864 and SGU 3) were selected as promising parents to be used in CEPLAC's cacao breeding program. Parents selection was based on percentage of successful infections, legion diameters and bean production, following a proposed grading system. Among the selected cultivars PA 30 and PA 150 showed most promising resistance to P. capsici, P. palmivora and P. citrophthora. Disease - Phytophthora palmivora, P. megakarya (Local Names: Black Pod, Podredumbre negra, Pourriture Brune, Podridao parda).

Disease; Susceptible, sp. P. capsici (Pod).; Luz, E.D.M.N. et al., 1995

Reference

Luz, E.D.M.N., Silva, S.D.V.M., Yamada, M.M., Lopes, U.V., Braga, M.C.T. & Brugnerotto, M.I.B. 1995
Cacao cultivars selected for resistance to Phytophthora capsici, P. palmivora and P. citrophthora in Bahia, Brazil. In: Proceedings of the 11th International Cocoa Research Conference, Yammoussoukro, Cote d'Ivoire, 1993. Cocoa Producers' Alliance, Lagos, Nigeria. pp. 97-98.
Notes

Brazil - CEPEC, Itabuna, Bahia Datafile: DIS_PHDS - Disease reaction to Phytophthora ABSTRACT In order to select cacao parents for the Cacao Research Center (CEPEC) breeding program, 81 cultivars from CEPEC's Germplasm Collection in Itabuna, Bahia were tested for resistance to Phytophthora capsici, P. palmivora and P. citrophthora agents of black pod disease in Bahia. The cultivars tested belonged to the Brazilian series AM, BE, CA, CAS, CEPEC, EEG, MA, RB, SIAL and SIC and to the international series EET, GS, ICS, OC, PA, POUND, RIM, SCA, SGU, SPA, TSA, TSH and UF. Fully developed but unripe attached cocoa pods were point-inoculated without wounding by depositing a droplet of a 2 x 10E5/ml zoospore suspension in two places located on opposite sides of the pod. Ten replicated pods of each clone were used for each species at three distinct test times. The cultivar RIM 41 was included in all tests as a standard susceptible control. Percentage of successful infections and legion diameters were recorded 9 days later. Among 81 cultivars screened, seven were resistant to P. capsici, 21 to P. palmivora and only 2 (PA 30 and PA 150) to P. citrophthora. Only 9 cultivars showed the same reaction of tolerance (PA 30, PA 150, SIC 864 and SIAL 105) or susceptibility (AM 2, BE 3, BE 5, MA 11 and SIC 23) to infection by the three species. Based on a cluster analysis 21 cultivars (CAS 2, CEPEC 13, EET 59, EET 156, EET 228, EET 376, ICS 1, PA 16, PA 30, PA 81, PA 121, PA 150, PA 169, RB 40, RB 48, SCA 6, SIAL 105, SIAL 169, SIC 328, SIC 864 and SGU 3) were selected as promising parents to be used in CEPLAC's cacao breeding program. Parents selection was based on percentage of successful infections, legion diameters and bean production, following a proposed grading system. Among the selected cultivars PA 30 and PA 150 showed most promising resistance to P. capsici, P. palmivora and P. citrophthora. Disease - Phytophthora palmivora, P. megakarya (Local Names: Black Pod, Podredumbre negra, Pourriture Brune, Podridao parda).

Disease; Intermediate, sp. P. citrophthora; Note: Average score = 2.4.; Lopez, U.V. et al., 2006

Reference

Lopez, U.V., Paim, M., Luz, E.D.N., Silva, S.D.V.M., Gramacho, K.P. and Pires, J.L. 2006
Resistance of Cacao Farmer Selections to Phytophthora citrophthora in Brazil. In: Proceedings of the 15th International Cocoa Research Conference, San Jose, Costa Rica (2006). Cocoa Producers' Alliance, Lagos, Nigeria.
Notes

This study assessed the level of resistance to P. citrophthora of 71 clones, most of them selected by farmers. These clones are in a network of clonal trials in five private farms and in one of CEPEC´s Station (ESARM, Ilhéus, BA). The leaf disk method was used to score resistance.

Disease; Susceptible, sp. P. citrophthora (Pod).; Luz, E.D.M.N. et al., 1995

Reference

Luz, E.D.M.N., Silva, S.D.V.M., Yamada, M.M., Lopes, U.V., Braga, M.C.T. & Brugnerotto, M.I.B. 1995
Cacao cultivars selected for resistance to Phytophthora capsici, P. palmivora and P. citrophthora in Bahia, Brazil. In: Proceedings of the 11th International Cocoa Research Conference, Yammoussoukro, Cote d'Ivoire, 1993. Cocoa Producers' Alliance, Lagos, Nigeria. pp. 97-98.
Notes

Brazil - CEPEC, Itabuna, Bahia Datafile: DIS_PHDS - Disease reaction to Phytophthora ABSTRACT In order to select cacao parents for the Cacao Research Center (CEPEC) breeding program, 81 cultivars from CEPEC's Germplasm Collection in Itabuna, Bahia were tested for resistance to Phytophthora capsici, P. palmivora and P. citrophthora agents of black pod disease in Bahia. The cultivars tested belonged to the Brazilian series AM, BE, CA, CAS, CEPEC, EEG, MA, RB, SIAL and SIC and to the international series EET, GS, ICS, OC, PA, POUND, RIM, SCA, SGU, SPA, TSA, TSH and UF. Fully developed but unripe attached cocoa pods were point-inoculated without wounding by depositing a droplet of a 2 x 10E5/ml zoospore suspension in two places located on opposite sides of the pod. Ten replicated pods of each clone were used for each species at three distinct test times. The cultivar RIM 41 was included in all tests as a standard susceptible control. Percentage of successful infections and legion diameters were recorded 9 days later. Among 81 cultivars screened, seven were resistant to P. capsici, 21 to P. palmivora and only 2 (PA 30 and PA 150) to P. citrophthora. Only 9 cultivars showed the same reaction of tolerance (PA 30, PA 150, SIC 864 and SIAL 105) or susceptibility (AM 2, BE 3, BE 5, MA 11 and SIC 23) to infection by the three species. Based on a cluster analysis 21 cultivars (CAS 2, CEPEC 13, EET 59, EET 156, EET 228, EET 376, ICS 1, PA 16, PA 30, PA 81, PA 121, PA 150, PA 169, RB 40, RB 48, SCA 6, SIAL 105, SIAL 169, SIC 328, SIC 864 and SGU 3) were selected as promising parents to be used in CEPLAC's cacao breeding program. Parents selection was based on percentage of successful infections, legion diameters and bean production, following a proposed grading system. Among the selected cultivars PA 30 and PA 150 showed most promising resistance to P. capsici, P. palmivora and P. citrophthora. Disease - Phytophthora palmivora, P. megakarya (Local Names: Black Pod, Podredumbre negra, Pourriture Brune, Podridao parda).

Disease

BEAN

Castro, G.C.T. de & Bartley, B.G.D., 1983: Number: 41.0; Length: 24.0 mm; Width: 11.4 mm; Thickness: 7.7 mm; Cotyledon Wet Weight: 1.49 g; Cotyledon Dry Weight: 0.90 g; Reference

Reference

Castro, G.C.T. de & Bartley, B.G.D. 1983
Caracterizacao dos recursos geneticos do cacaueiro. I. Folha, fruto e semente de selecoes da Bahia das series SIC e SIAL. Revista Theobroma 13: pp. 263-273.
Notes

Brazil - CEPEC, Itabuna, Bahia Datafile: CEP2__DS BRA - CEPEC 2, SIC & SIAL clones Germplasm: Descriptors given for 26 clones of the types SIC (Seleçâo Instituto de Cacau) and SIAL (Seleçâo Instituto Agronômico de Leste). Samples were taken from 18 year old trees in the CEPEC collection, Ilheus, Bahia. Environment: No details. Descriptors: The methodology proposed by Engels et al., (1980) [ENG80A] was followed. Character Details: Leaf shape: given by the ratio between leaf length (apex to point of peduncle insertion) and length from the base to the widest point. Values: > 2 = ovoid, ± 2 = elliptic, < 2 = obovoid.

Bean Fruit Leaf Flower

FRUIT

Castro, G.C.T. de & Bartley, B.G.D., 1983: Husk Thickness: 8.25 mm (9.2 - 7.3); Length: 149.0 mm; Breadth: 85.0 mm; Weight: 520.0 g; Husk Weight: 403.00 g; Length Breadth Ratio: 1.75; Reference

Reference

Castro, G.C.T. de & Bartley, B.G.D. 1983
Caracterizacao dos recursos geneticos do cacaueiro. I. Folha, fruto e semente de selecoes da Bahia das series SIC e SIAL. Revista Theobroma 13: pp. 263-273.
Notes

Brazil - CEPEC, Itabuna, Bahia Datafile: CEP2__DS BRA - CEPEC 2, SIC & SIAL clones Germplasm: Descriptors given for 26 clones of the types SIC (Seleçâo Instituto de Cacau) and SIAL (Seleçâo Instituto Agronômico de Leste). Samples were taken from 18 year old trees in the CEPEC collection, Ilheus, Bahia. Environment: No details. Descriptors: The methodology proposed by Engels et al., (1980) [ENG80A] was followed. Character Details: Leaf shape: given by the ratio between leaf length (apex to point of peduncle insertion) and length from the base to the widest point. Values: > 2 = ovoid, ± 2 = elliptic, < 2 = obovoid.

Bean Fruit Leaf Flower
Brazil - CEPEC, 1987: Rugosity: smooth; Reference

Reference

Brazil - CEPEC 1987
List of clones in the CEPEC, Bahia, Brazil collection. Computer printout from CEPEC. Supplied by B.G.D. Bartley, CEPEC, Brazil.
Notes

Brazil - CEPEC, Itabuna, Bahia Datafile: CEPEC_DS BRA - CEPEC 1 PROGENY_ Germplasm: 564 accessions mainly of Brazilian origin. Environment: No details. Descriptors: Information on compatability pod characteristics and type of cocoa is given.

Bean Fruit Flower

LEAF

Castro, G.C.T. de & Bartley, B.G.D., 1983: Distance from Base to Widest Part: 144 mm; Length: 298.0 mm; Width: 115.0 mm; Length to Width Ratio: 2.59; Reference

Reference

Castro, G.C.T. de & Bartley, B.G.D. 1983
Caracterizacao dos recursos geneticos do cacaueiro. I. Folha, fruto e semente de selecoes da Bahia das series SIC e SIAL. Revista Theobroma 13: pp. 263-273.
Notes

Brazil - CEPEC, Itabuna, Bahia Datafile: CEP2__DS BRA - CEPEC 2, SIC & SIAL clones Germplasm: Descriptors given for 26 clones of the types SIC (Seleçâo Instituto de Cacau) and SIAL (Seleçâo Instituto Agronômico de Leste). Samples were taken from 18 year old trees in the CEPEC collection, Ilheus, Bahia. Environment: No details. Descriptors: The methodology proposed by Engels et al., (1980) [ENG80A] was followed. Character Details: Leaf shape: given by the ratio between leaf length (apex to point of peduncle insertion) and length from the base to the widest point. Values: > 2 = ovoid, ± 2 = elliptic, < 2 = obovoid.

Bean Fruit Leaf Flower

FLOWER

Castro, G.C.T. de & Bartley, B.G.D., 1983: Sepal Width: 2.66 mm; Sepal Length: 9.11 mm; Ligule Length: 8.54 mm; Ligule Width: 3.05 mm; Ovary Width: 1.48 mm; Ovary Length: 2.15 mm; Ovule Number: 52; Style Length: 2.33 mm; Staminode Length: 9.06 mm; Reference

Reference

Castro, G.C.T. de & Bartley, B.G.D. 1983
Caracterizacao dos recursos geneticos do cacaueiro. I. Folha, fruto e semente de selecoes da Bahia das series SIC e SIAL. Revista Theobroma 13: pp. 263-273.
Notes

Brazil - CEPEC, Itabuna, Bahia Datafile: CEP2__DS BRA - CEPEC 2, SIC & SIAL clones Germplasm: Descriptors given for 26 clones of the types SIC (Seleçâo Instituto de Cacau) and SIAL (Seleçâo Instituto Agronômico de Leste). Samples were taken from 18 year old trees in the CEPEC collection, Ilheus, Bahia. Environment: No details. Descriptors: The methodology proposed by Engels et al., (1980) [ENG80A] was followed. Character Details: Leaf shape: given by the ratio between leaf length (apex to point of peduncle insertion) and length from the base to the widest point. Values: > 2 = ovoid, ± 2 = elliptic, < 2 = obovoid.

Bean Fruit Leaf Flower
Brazil - CEPEC, 1987: Self Compatibility: self compatible; Reference

Reference

Brazil - CEPEC 1987
List of clones in the CEPEC, Bahia, Brazil collection. Computer printout from CEPEC. Supplied by B.G.D. Bartley, CEPEC, Brazil.
Notes

Brazil - CEPEC, Itabuna, Bahia Datafile: CEPEC_DS BRA - CEPEC 1 PROGENY_ Germplasm: 564 accessions mainly of Brazilian origin. Environment: No details. Descriptors: Information on compatability pod characteristics and type of cocoa is given.

Bean Fruit Flower

REFERENCES

Vello, F., Garcia, J.R. & Magalhaes, W.S. (1974) Producao e selecao de cacaueiros hibridos na Bahia. Proceedings of the 4th International Cocoa Conference, 1972, St. Augustine, Trinidad. Cocoa Research Unit, Trinidad. pp. 38-56.

Brazil - CEPEC (1987) List of clones in the CEPEC, Bahia, Brazil collection. Computer printout from CEPEC. Supplied by B.G.D. Bartley, CEPEC, Brazil.

Motamayor, J.C., Lachenaud, P., da Silva e Mota, J.W., Loor, R., Kuhn, D.N., Brown, J.S. & Schnell, R.J. (2008) Geographic and Genetic Population Differentiation of the Amazonian Chocolate Tree (Theobroma cacao L). PLoS ONE 3(10): e3311. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0003311

CEPEC (2012) Accession list for the CEPEC (Bahia, Brazil) collection. Dr. José Luis Pires, personal communication, February 2012.

Stela Dalva Vieira Midlej Silva (2003) Ensaios Para Avaliação do Cacaueiro à Murcha-de-Ceratocystis na Bahia, Brasil. In: Proceedings of the 14th International Cocoa Research Conference, Accra, Ghana (October 2003). Cocoa Producers' Alliance, Lagos, Nigeria.

Luz, E.D.M.N., Silva, S.D.V.M., Yamada, M.M., Lopes, U.V., Braga, M.C.T. & Brugnerotto, M.I.B. (1995) Cacao cultivars selected for resistance to Phytophthora capsici, P. palmivora and P. citrophthora in Bahia, Brazil. In: Proceedings of the 11th International Cocoa Research Conference, Yammoussoukro, Cote d'Ivoire, 1993. Cocoa Producers' Alliance, Lagos, Nigeria. pp. 97-98.

Lopez, U.V., Paim, M., Luz, E.D.N., Silva, S.D.V.M., Gramacho, K.P. and Pires, J.L. (2006) Resistance of Cacao Farmer Selections to Phytophthora citrophthora in Brazil. In: Proceedings of the 15th International Cocoa Research Conference, San Jose, Costa Rica (2006). Cocoa Producers' Alliance, Lagos, Nigeria.

Castro, G.C.T. de & Bartley, B.G.D. (1983) Caracterizacao dos recursos geneticos do cacaueiro. I. Folha, fruto e semente de selecoes da Bahia das series SIC e SIAL. Revista Theobroma 13: pp. 263-273.