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SPEC 194 /48 Group Name Theobroma cacao

Baker, R.E.D., Cope, F.W., Holliday, P.C., Bartley, B.G. & Taylor, D.J. (1953)
The Anglo-Colombian cacao collecting expedition. Report of Cacao Research, Imperial College of Tropical Agriculture, Trinidad 9: pp. 8-29.

Derivation: SPECimen.
Collected by Various.
Location: Colombia.

Notes: Baker et al., 1953 [BAK53A] The Anglo-Colombian Expedition collected material from various places in Colombia ( Amazonas & Vaupes) in 1952 and involved many different collectors. The material was sent onto Trinidad. The name SPEC was given to everything that was collected including Theobroma species other then T. cacao and Herranias.

Bartley, 1983a [BAR83A]. This material is divided into two classes:

1) Collections from the Amazon - up to SPEC 54,

2) Collections from other populations, usually cultivated and of Criollo or Trinitario descent.

SNP/SSR

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Synonyms: COL 194 /48 [SPE], M SPEC 194 /48

COLLECTION DETAILS

Location: Valle de Patia, Narino, Colombia

Date: 1953

Coordinates: 78.00 W, 2.00 N

Material collected: Seed

Expedition Code: 52CO

Baker, R.E.D. et al., 1953

Trinidad - U.W.I., 1952

Cope, F.W., 1953

PEDIGREE DETAILS

Parents:: SPEC 194 x Unknown Trinidad - U.W.I., 1952

Reference

Trinidad - U.W.I. 1952
Cocoa Collecting Expedition Colombia 1952. Record of material received. Unpublished Notebook, University of the West Indies, Trinidad.
Notes

Trinidad - University of the West Indies Datafile: PROGENY_
Father to:: AX 250 Trinidad - ICTA, No Date

Reference

Trinidad - ICTA No Date
List of AX Crosses. Unpublished report, Imperial College of Tropical Agriculture, Trinidad. pp 18.
Notes

Trinidad - International Cocoa Genebank, CRU, University of the West Indies Datafile: PROGENY_; AX 265 Trinidad - ICTA, No Date

Reference

Trinidad - ICTA No Date
List of AX Crosses. Unpublished report, Imperial College of Tropical Agriculture, Trinidad. pp 18.
Notes

Trinidad - International Cocoa Genebank, CRU, University of the West Indies Datafile: PROGENY_

HELD IN

Trinidad and Tobago, International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad (ICG,T): List received in 2011 Reference

Reference

CRU 2011
ICG,T accessions. CRU website.
Notes

Website visited 12th April 2011

Link Unavailable [http://sta.uwi.edu/cru/icgt-accessions.asp]; • Local Name: SPEC 194/48

YIELD

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Pod Index: 25.0 (pods per kg dried beans); Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower

BEAN

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Colour: purple; Shape: elliptical; Number: 28.0; Total Wet Weight: 65.2 g; Cotyledon Dry Weight: 1.43 g; Cotyledon Length: 23.6 mm; Cotyledon Width: 13.7 mm; Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower

BUTTERFAT

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Testa: 5.30 %; Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower

FRUIT

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Shape: elliptical; Basal Constriction: moderate; Apex Form: acute; Rugosity: slight; Length: 174.0 mm; Breadth: 91.0 mm; Colour: anthocyanin absent; Hardness: hard; Note: Hardness > 2.0 Mpa; Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower

FLUSH

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Colour: slight anthocyanin; Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower

LEAF

Trinidad - ICGT, 1992: Distance from Base to Widest Part: 119 mm; Length: 220.0 mm; Width: 84.0 mm; Length to Width Ratio: 2.60; Basal Angle: 119.0 °; Apical Angle: 92.6 °; Petiole Length: 21 mm; Pulvinus Length: 11 mm; Reference

Reference

Trinidad - ICGT 1992
Leaf descriptors. Unpublished data supplied on computer diskette by International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad, University of the West Indies, Trinidad.
Notes

Trinidad - International Cocoa Genebank, CRU, University of the West Indies.
Flower descriptor data is presented for 620 clones, fruit descriptor data of 333 and seed characters of 118 clones are partly described. Leaf descriptor data is presented for 229 clones. The germplasm is mainly of Peruvian, Ecuadorian and Colombian origin. Environment: Each clone is represented in the collection by up to 16 trees planted 1.8 m apart in a block design. Shading is provided by Erythrina sp. (spaced 60m apart) and bananas (spaced 4m apart). Fertilizer, N-P-K (15:10:5), is provided twice a year at 250g per tree. Cyclic irrigation is performed from February to May (10 l of water per plant/week). Soil type group -33 A 1 Soil Series - Cunupia fine sandy clay with restricted internal drainage Lithology - silty clay alluvium Drainage - imperfect Slope category - 0°-2° Meterological data are given in this table as mean maximum, mean minimum and overall mean temperature and mean total rainfall per month over the period 1961-1990. Month Temp. (°C) Rainfall Max Min Mean (mm) January 30.1 20.8 24.6 71.2 February 30.2 20.8 25.0 43.3 March 31.2 21.4 25.7 36.6 April 31.8 22.3 26.5 51.1 May 31.6 23.3 26.9 116.5 June 30.6 23.3 26.4 252.1 July 30.8 23.0 26.2 266.3 August 31.2 22.9 26.4 250.1 September 31.5 22.8 26.5 202.5 October 31.4 22.82 6.41 99.3 November 30.8 22.4 25.9 227.8 December 30.2 21.5 25.2 155.6 Descriptors: The character selection is based on the IBPGR list (IBPGR, 1981 [IBP81A]). Where descriptor states present real measurements, e.g. pod length in cm, the data are given as the mean of all the measurements ± the standard deviation. For some descriptors, such as Leaf, flush colour, the phenotypic expression of the character is coded on a scale from 0 to 9. On this scale '0' represents the lowest or weakest expression of a characteristic and '9' represents the highest or strongest. Leaf and Flower Characteristics p.300-307

Leaf

FLOWER

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Ligule Colour: slight anthocyanin; Stamen Colour: slight anthocyanin; Sepal Length: 7.61 mm; Ligule Width: 2.78 mm; Ovule Number: 45; Style Length: 2.14 mm; Pedicel Colour: reddish; Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower

REFERENCES

Baker, R.E.D., Cope, F.W., Holliday, P.C., Bartley, B.G. & Taylor, D.J. (1953) The Anglo-Colombian cacao collecting expedition. Report of Cacao Research, Imperial College of Tropical Agriculture, Trinidad 9: pp. 8-29.

Trinidad - U.W.I. (1952) Cocoa Collecting Expedition Colombia 1952. Record of material received. Unpublished Notebook, University of the West Indies, Trinidad.

Cope, F.W. (1953) An interim report on the Anglo-Colombian cocoa-collecting expedition. In: Report of the 1953 Cocoa Conference, London. Cocoa, Chocolate & Confectionery Alliance, London, U.K. pp. 57-63.

Trinidad - ICTA (No Date) List of AX Crosses. Unpublished report, Imperial College of Tropical Agriculture, Trinidad. pp 18.

CRU (2011) ICG,T accessions. CRU website.

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee (2022) Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.

Trinidad - ICGT (1992) Leaf descriptors. Unpublished data supplied on computer diskette by International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad, University of the West Indies, Trinidad.