RESULT

Search Results

OC 61 [VEN] Group Name Theobroma cacao

Reyes, H.E., Perez, A.Z., Reyes, L.C. de & Wagner O., M. de J. (1973)
Catalogo de cultivares de cacao ( Theobroma cacao L.). Estacion Experimental de Caucagua, Caucagua, Venezuela. pp. 131.

Derivation: OCumare de la costa.
Collected by A. Hernandez.
Location: Oc. de la Costa, Aragua, Venezuela.

Notes: Bartley, 1998a [BAR98A] The region of Ocumare de la Costa contained various cocoa plantations, but the name also applies to the port on the coast and the river valley. The name of any one of these three things may have orginally been applied to cocoa germplasm. The region's cocoa plantations were planted with a pure Criollo variety up to 1860 after which they were destroyed by Ceratocystis. The region was then replanted with varieties more resisitant to disease, which came from Trinidad, but which were not pure Criollo. At the end of the nineteenth Century "Ocumare" was brought to Trinidad and seed was then sent from Trinidad labelled "Ocumare". "Ocumare" material in Venezulela has some criollo characteristics but is not pure criollo, but material sent of West Africa as "Ocumare" would have been the pure criollo type and not the same as is currently in Venezuela.

OC [VEN] includes two groups of selections. OC 1 - 77 are those made in the 1940's by Manuel Palmer and those with numbers higher than this are those selections listed in Reyes et al. 1993.

Those OC [VEN] clones included in the ICGD with a suffix, i.e. OC 60/1 - OC 60/36, OC 61/1 - OC 61/30, OC 63/1 - OC 63/24, OC 73/1 - OC 73/42 may be CIRAD selections; seed progenies of material planted in the Cote d'Ivoire.

SNP/SSR Populations

Show Hide Reset

Synonyms: VLA 1 [VEN], OCUMARE 61 [VEN], VLA PV 1 [VEN]

RECOMMENDED PLANTING MATERIAL Disclaimer

Recommended Planting Material

Disclaimer
Recommendations for planting materials are made by the referenced authors for specific regions and growing conditions. They are provided here as a guide and historic record only. To confirm the most appropriate planting material for your needs and its availability, please contact your local cocoa authority.

Details on clones that are available for distribution and guidelines on the safe movement of cacao germplasm can be obtained from the International Cocoa Quarantine Centre, Reading

Gonzalez R, Ventura et al., 2010: Recommended seed parent in:
Venezuela; Bi-parental cross: IMC 67 x OC 61 [VEN]; Year: 1960-70s (Historic); Reference

Reference

Gonzalez R, Ventura, Cirilo Giron Varguillas, Ramon Vidal & Angel Castillo 2010
INIA-Venezuela. CFC/ICCO/Bioversity Project on Cocoa Productivity and Quality Improvement: A Participatory Approach. Final Individual Institute Reports 1 June 2004 - 30 November 2009
Recommended material
Gonzalez R, Ventura et al., 2010: Recommended seed parent in:
Venezuela; Bi-parental cross: IMC 11 x OC 61 [VEN]; Year: 1960-70s (Historic); Reference

Reference

Gonzalez R, Ventura, Cirilo Giron Varguillas, Ramon Vidal & Angel Castillo 2010
INIA-Venezuela. CFC/ICCO/Bioversity Project on Cocoa Productivity and Quality Improvement: A Participatory Approach. Final Individual Institute Reports 1 June 2004 - 30 November 2009
Recommended material

PEDIGREE DETAILS

Parents:: CRIOLLO [CRI] x Unknown
- Hda Pueblo Nuevo, Aragua
Morera, J., 1992

Reference

Morera, J. 1992
Registro Internacional de Cultivares de Cacao. J. Morera, CATIE, Costa Rica. Computer printout.
Notes

Costa Rica - CATIE Datafile: PROGENY_
Mother to:: D 11 [VEN] Reyes, H.E. et al., 1973

Reference

Reyes, H.E., Perez, A.Z., Reyes, L.C. de & Wagner O., M. de J. 1973
Catalogo de cultivares de cacao ( Theobroma cacao L.). Estacion Experimental de Caucagua, Caucagua, Venezuela. pp. 131.
Notes

Venezuela - Estaçion Experimental de Caucagua Datafile: MAC___DS VEN - MAC Cauagua 1 PROGENY_ Germplasm: Information on 60 Venezuelan clones is presented which include Criollo, Forastero and hybrid types. Environment: No details. Descriptors: Pod, bean and flower characteristics are described together with some information on disease/pest reactions and yield. In some cases additional information on reaction to pests and diseases is supplied.

Disease Pests Yield Bean Fruit Flush Leaf Flower; D 15 [VEN] Reyes, H.E. et al., 1973

Reference

Reyes, H.E., Perez, A.Z., Reyes, L.C. de & Wagner O., M. de J. 1973
Catalogo de cultivares de cacao ( Theobroma cacao L.). Estacion Experimental de Caucagua, Caucagua, Venezuela. pp. 131.
Notes

Venezuela - Estaçion Experimental de Caucagua Datafile: MAC___DS VEN - MAC Cauagua 1 PROGENY_ Germplasm: Information on 60 Venezuelan clones is presented which include Criollo, Forastero and hybrid types. Environment: No details. Descriptors: Pod, bean and flower characteristics are described together with some information on disease/pest reactions and yield. In some cases additional information on reaction to pests and diseases is supplied.

Disease Pests Yield Bean Fruit Flush Leaf Flower; D 4 [VEN] Reyes, H.E. et al., 1973

Reference

Reyes, H.E., Perez, A.Z., Reyes, L.C. de & Wagner O., M. de J. 1973
Catalogo de cultivares de cacao ( Theobroma cacao L.). Estacion Experimental de Caucagua, Caucagua, Venezuela. pp. 131.
Notes

Venezuela - Estaçion Experimental de Caucagua Datafile: MAC___DS VEN - MAC Cauagua 1 PROGENY_ Germplasm: Information on 60 Venezuelan clones is presented which include Criollo, Forastero and hybrid types. Environment: No details. Descriptors: Pod, bean and flower characteristics are described together with some information on disease/pest reactions and yield. In some cases additional information on reaction to pests and diseases is supplied.

Disease Pests Yield Bean Fruit Flush Leaf Flower; D 5 [VEN] Reyes, H.E. et al., 1973

Reference

Reyes, H.E., Perez, A.Z., Reyes, L.C. de & Wagner O., M. de J. 1973
Catalogo de cultivares de cacao ( Theobroma cacao L.). Estacion Experimental de Caucagua, Caucagua, Venezuela. pp. 131.
Notes

Venezuela - Estaçion Experimental de Caucagua Datafile: MAC___DS VEN - MAC Cauagua 1 PROGENY_ Germplasm: Information on 60 Venezuelan clones is presented which include Criollo, Forastero and hybrid types. Environment: No details. Descriptors: Pod, bean and flower characteristics are described together with some information on disease/pest reactions and yield. In some cases additional information on reaction to pests and diseases is supplied.

Disease Pests Yield Bean Fruit Flush Leaf Flower

GENOME/TRANSCRIPTOME DATA LINKS

Cornejo, O.E. et al., 2018

Reference

BioProject: PRJNA486011 NCBI ENA FASTQ

Project: PRJEB28591 EVA (project) EVA (analysis)

Library Source: Genomic

Run: SRR7774219 NCBI ENA FASTQ

Experiment: SRX4629605

BioSample: SAMN09934511

SampleName: OC_61

SampleSource: Trinidad, Tree_ID: Tc17475

HELD IN

Show Details Hide Details

Brazil, Comissão Executiva do Plano da Lavoura Cacaueira/Centro de Pesquisas do Cacau (CEPLAC/CEPEC): List received in 2012 Reference

Reference

CEPEC 2012
Accession list for the CEPEC (Bahia, Brazil) collection. Dr. José Luis Pires, personal communication, February 2012.; • Accession: 231; - Local Name: OC 61; - Year of Accession: 1981
Brazil, Mars Center for Cocoa Science: List received in 2012 Reference

Reference

Mars Center for Cocoa Science 2012
Accession list for the Mars Center for Cocoa Science. Jean-Philippe Marelli, personal communication, February 2012.; • Local Name: OC-61/T1; • Local Name: OC-61/Ven
Costa Rica, Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza (CATIE): List received in 2018 Reference

Reference

Allan Mata 2018
Accession list for the International Cacao Collection at CATIE (IC3). Personal communication.
Notes

Excel file received by email.; • Accession: 10373; - Local Name: OC-61; - Year of Accession: 1965
Mexico, Campo Experimental Rosario Izapa, INIFAP: List received in 1995 Reference

Reference

Lopez-Baez, O., Cueto-Moreno, J. & Fraire-Vazquez, G. 1995
Progressos en el mejoramiento genetico del cacao Theobroma cacao L. en Mexico. In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Cocoa Breeding Strategies, Kuala Lumpur, 1994. INGENIC, Reading, U.K. pp. 18-25.; • Local Name: OC 61 [VEN]; - Year of Accession: 1987
Trinidad and Tobago, International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad (ICG,T): List received in 2011 Reference

Reference

CRU 2011
ICG,T accessions. CRU website.
Notes

Website visited 12th April 2011

Link Unavailable [http://sta.uwi.edu/cru/icgt-accessions.asp]; • Local Name: OC 61 [VEN]
Venezuela, MAC Caucagua: List received in 1974 Reference

Reference

Zamora, A.P., Reyes, H.E. & Reyes, L.C. 1974
Programa de mejoramiento genetico de cacao en Venezuela. In: Proceedings of the 4th International Cocoa Conference, 1972, St. Augustine, Trinidad. (Cocoa Research Unit, Trinidad), pp. 57-68.; • Local Name: OC 61 [VEN]; • Local Name: VLA 1 [VEN]

DISEASE

Show Details Hide Details

Ceratocystis: Moderate Resistance; Note: Agallas (R), Fusarium (R), Phytophthora megasperma (R); Reyes, H.E. et al., 1973

Reference

Reyes, H.E., Perez, A.Z., Reyes, L.C. de & Wagner O., M. de J. 1973
Catalogo de cultivares de cacao ( Theobroma cacao L.). Estacion Experimental de Caucagua, Caucagua, Venezuela. pp. 131.
Notes

Venezuela - Estaçion Experimental de Caucagua Datafile: MAC___DS VEN - MAC Cauagua 1 PROGENY_ Germplasm: Information on 60 Venezuelan clones is presented which include Criollo, Forastero and hybrid types. Environment: No details. Descriptors: Pod, bean and flower characteristics are described together with some information on disease/pest reactions and yield. In some cases additional information on reaction to pests and diseases is supplied.

Disease Pests Yield Bean Fruit Flush Leaf Flower; Resistant; Morera, J. & Mora, A., 1990

Reference

Morera, J. & Mora, A. 1990
Banco de Germoplasma de Cacao del CATIE. Information supplied on computer diskette by CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica.
Notes

Costa Rica - CATIE Datafile: CATIE2DS CRI - CATIE 2 Germplasm: Descriptions are given for 71 clones. More information on 44 of them is given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Environment: Details are given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Descriptors: The following codes are used here to describe colour: 1 Green, 2 Green with white, 3 Yellow, 4 Light red, 5 Light red with yellow, 6 Light red with green, 7 Light red with yellow/green, 8 Bright red with yellow, 9 Deep red with green, 10 Bright red, 11 Yellow with green, 12 Bright yellow.

Disease Bean Fruit Flush Leaf Flower; Resistant; Murray, D.B., 1969

Reference

Murray, D.B. 1969
Report on a visit to Venezuela in July, 1969. Unpublished report, Cocoa Research Unit, University of the West Indies.
Notes

Venezuela - MAC Caucagua Datafile: DIS_WBDS - Disease reaction to Witches' Broom DIS_CEDS - Disease reaction to Ceratocystis Descriptors: Notes on the progress of cacao research at EE Cacao at Caucagua. Disease reactions of local selections to Witches' Broom and Ceratocystis wilt described. Environment: No details Germplasm: Local selections made from crosses of SCA 6, SCA 12, IMC 67, PA [PER]

Disease; Susceptible; Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J., 1967

Reference

Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J. 1967
Cacao Cultivars Register. IICA Teaching and Research Centre, Costa Rica
Notes

Costa Rica - IICA Datafile: IICA__DS CRI - Cacao Cultivar Register Germplasm: Descriptions are given for 67 clones. More information on 44 of them is given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Environment: Details are given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Descriptors: Population type, habit, leaf flower, fruit and seed characters, ease of propagation, disease resistance and self-compatibility are described. Character data: Resistance to Ceratocystis: high = < 1.0, medium = 1.1 - 2.0, low = > 2.1. Resistance to Witches' Broom: high = < 1.0, medium = 1.1 - 2.0, low = > 2.1.

Disease Pests Bean Fruit Flush Leaf Flower; Tolerant; Enriquez, G. & Soria, V.J., 1977

Reference

Enriquez, G. & Soria, V.J. 1977
Mejoramiento genético para resistencia a cinco enfermedades del cacao. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Cocoa Research Conference, Caracas, Venezuela, 1977. Cocoa Producers' Alliance, Lagos, Nigeria. pp. 45-56.
Notes

Various data sources Review of disease data complied at Costa Rica - CATIE from sources including: Costa Rica - CATIE, Trinidad - CRU, University of the West Indies, Ghana - WACRI, Ecuador - Pichilingue. Datafile: DIS_MODS - Disease reaction to Monilia Pod Rot DIS___DS - Disease reaction to stress and disease DIS_PHDS - Disease reaction to Phytophthora DIS_SSDS - Disease reaction to CSSV DIS_WBDS - Disease reaction to Witches' Broom DIS_CEDS - Disease reaction to Ceratocystis Descriptors: Information on the type of disease/stress and the reaction of the clone.

Disease
Phytophthora: Resistant; Morera, J. & Mora, A., 1990

Reference

Morera, J. & Mora, A. 1990
Banco de Germoplasma de Cacao del CATIE. Information supplied on computer diskette by CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica.
Notes

Costa Rica - CATIE Datafile: CATIE2DS CRI - CATIE 2 Germplasm: Descriptions are given for 71 clones. More information on 44 of them is given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Environment: Details are given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Descriptors: The following codes are used here to describe colour: 1 Green, 2 Green with white, 3 Yellow, 4 Light red, 5 Light red with yellow, 6 Light red with green, 7 Light red with yellow/green, 8 Bright red with yellow, 9 Deep red with green, 10 Bright red, 11 Yellow with green, 12 Bright yellow.

Disease Bean Fruit Flush Leaf Flower; Resistant; Note: Agallas (R), Fusarium (R), Phytophthora megasperma (R); Reyes, H.E. et al., 1973

Reference

Reyes, H.E., Perez, A.Z., Reyes, L.C. de & Wagner O., M. de J. 1973
Catalogo de cultivares de cacao ( Theobroma cacao L.). Estacion Experimental de Caucagua, Caucagua, Venezuela. pp. 131.
Notes

Venezuela - Estaçion Experimental de Caucagua Datafile: MAC___DS VEN - MAC Cauagua 1 PROGENY_ Germplasm: Information on 60 Venezuelan clones is presented which include Criollo, Forastero and hybrid types. Environment: No details. Descriptors: Pod, bean and flower characteristics are described together with some information on disease/pest reactions and yield. In some cases additional information on reaction to pests and diseases is supplied.

Disease Pests Yield Bean Fruit Flush Leaf Flower; Susceptible; Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J., 1967

Reference

Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J. 1967
Cacao Cultivars Register. IICA Teaching and Research Centre, Costa Rica
Notes

Costa Rica - IICA Datafile: IICA__DS CRI - Cacao Cultivar Register Germplasm: Descriptions are given for 67 clones. More information on 44 of them is given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Environment: Details are given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Descriptors: Population type, habit, leaf flower, fruit and seed characters, ease of propagation, disease resistance and self-compatibility are described. Character data: Resistance to Ceratocystis: high = < 1.0, medium = 1.1 - 2.0, low = > 2.1. Resistance to Witches' Broom: high = < 1.0, medium = 1.1 - 2.0, low = > 2.1.

Disease Pests Bean Fruit Flush Leaf Flower; Moderately Susceptible, sp. P. palmivora (Pod).; Note: Unripe, Attached and not wounded; Morera, J., 1993

Reference

Morera, J. 1993
Reaction of clones to Phytophthora palmivora. J. Morera, CATIE, Costa Rica. Personal Communication.
Notes

Costa Rica - CATIE Datafile: DIS_PHDS - Disease reaction to Phytophthora Descriptors: Resistance to Phytophthora Environment: Costa Rica, CATIE. No further details Germplasm: 305 clones of various origins

Disease
Witches Broom: Moderately Susceptible; Note: Agallas (R), Fusarium (R), Phytophthora megasperma (R); Reyes, H.E. et al., 1973

Reference

Reyes, H.E., Perez, A.Z., Reyes, L.C. de & Wagner O., M. de J. 1973
Catalogo de cultivares de cacao ( Theobroma cacao L.). Estacion Experimental de Caucagua, Caucagua, Venezuela. pp. 131.
Notes

Venezuela - Estaçion Experimental de Caucagua Datafile: MAC___DS VEN - MAC Cauagua 1 PROGENY_ Germplasm: Information on 60 Venezuelan clones is presented which include Criollo, Forastero and hybrid types. Environment: No details. Descriptors: Pod, bean and flower characteristics are described together with some information on disease/pest reactions and yield. In some cases additional information on reaction to pests and diseases is supplied.

Disease Pests Yield Bean Fruit Flush Leaf Flower; Resistant; Morera, J. & Mora, A., 1990

Reference

Morera, J. & Mora, A. 1990
Banco de Germoplasma de Cacao del CATIE. Information supplied on computer diskette by CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica.
Notes

Costa Rica - CATIE Datafile: CATIE2DS CRI - CATIE 2 Germplasm: Descriptions are given for 71 clones. More information on 44 of them is given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Environment: Details are given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Descriptors: The following codes are used here to describe colour: 1 Green, 2 Green with white, 3 Yellow, 4 Light red, 5 Light red with yellow, 6 Light red with green, 7 Light red with yellow/green, 8 Bright red with yellow, 9 Deep red with green, 10 Bright red, 11 Yellow with green, 12 Bright yellow.

Disease Bean Fruit Flush Leaf Flower; Susceptible; Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J., 1967

Reference

Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J. 1967
Cacao Cultivars Register. IICA Teaching and Research Centre, Costa Rica
Notes

Costa Rica - IICA Datafile: IICA__DS CRI - Cacao Cultivar Register Germplasm: Descriptions are given for 67 clones. More information on 44 of them is given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Environment: Details are given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Descriptors: Population type, habit, leaf flower, fruit and seed characters, ease of propagation, disease resistance and self-compatibility are described. Character data: Resistance to Ceratocystis: high = < 1.0, medium = 1.1 - 2.0, low = > 2.1. Resistance to Witches' Broom: high = < 1.0, medium = 1.1 - 2.0, low = > 2.1.

Disease Pests Bean Fruit Flush Leaf Flower; Tolerant; Enriquez, G. & Soria, V.J., 1977

Reference

Enriquez, G. & Soria, V.J. 1977
Mejoramiento genético para resistencia a cinco enfermedades del cacao. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Cocoa Research Conference, Caracas, Venezuela, 1977. Cocoa Producers' Alliance, Lagos, Nigeria. pp. 45-56.
Notes

Various data sources Review of disease data complied at Costa Rica - CATIE from sources including: Costa Rica - CATIE, Trinidad - CRU, University of the West Indies, Ghana - WACRI, Ecuador - Pichilingue. Datafile: DIS_MODS - Disease reaction to Monilia Pod Rot DIS___DS - Disease reaction to stress and disease DIS_PHDS - Disease reaction to Phytophthora DIS_SSDS - Disease reaction to CSSV DIS_WBDS - Disease reaction to Witches' Broom DIS_CEDS - Disease reaction to Ceratocystis Descriptors: Information on the type of disease/stress and the reaction of the clone.

Disease

YIELD

Show Details Hide Details

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Pod Index: 23.3 (pods per kg dried beans); Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower
Reyes, H.E. et al., 1973: Pod Index: 16.5 (pods per kg dried beans); Yield: 1500 kg ha^-1 yr^-1; Yield (wet beans per tree): 4.00 kg; Reference

Reference

Reyes, H.E., Perez, A.Z., Reyes, L.C. de & Wagner O., M. de J. 1973
Catalogo de cultivares de cacao ( Theobroma cacao L.). Estacion Experimental de Caucagua, Caucagua, Venezuela. pp. 131.
Notes

Venezuela - Estaçion Experimental de Caucagua Datafile: MAC___DS VEN - MAC Cauagua 1 PROGENY_ Germplasm: Information on 60 Venezuelan clones is presented which include Criollo, Forastero and hybrid types. Environment: No details. Descriptors: Pod, bean and flower characteristics are described together with some information on disease/pest reactions and yield. In some cases additional information on reaction to pests and diseases is supplied.

Disease Pests Yield Bean Fruit Flush Leaf Flower
Vivas, J., 1975: Seed Index: 59.8 (dried beans per 100g); Reference

Reference

Vivas, J. 1975
Estudio de algunas caracteristicas quimico-fisicas en almendras de cacao de Venezuela. In: Proceedings of the 7th International Cocoa Research Conference, Douala, Cameroun (Cocoa Producers' Alliance, Lagos, Nigeria), pp. 611-615.
Notes

Venezuela - Estacion Experimental de Caucagua Datafiles: VEN___DS VEN - MAC Caucagua 2, quality Germplasm: Samples of 13 Venezuelan clones from Estacion Experimental Caucagua were studied. Environment: No details. Descriptors: Physical analyses were carried out according to the recommendations given by the Cut Beans Test (Malaysian CBT, 1961 [MCB61A]) at the Estacion Experimental Caucagua. Chemical analyses were carried according to the methods of the ICCO (ICCO, 1952 [ICC52A]) at the Compañía Indulac, Caracas.

Yield Bean Butterfat

BEAN

Show Details Hide Details

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Colour: purple; Shape: elliptical; Number: 33.0; Total Wet Weight: 71.3 g; Cotyledon Dry Weight: 1.30 g; Cotyledon Length: 24.9 mm; Cotyledon Width: 14.7 mm; Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower
Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J., 1967: Colour Purple: 20 %; Colour Light Purple: 40 %; Colour White: 17 %; Colour Mottled: 23 %; Shape: flat/elongate; Length: 26.4 mm; Width: 15.8 mm; Thickness: 10.5 mm; Cotyledon Wet Weight: 2.65 g; Reference

Reference

Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J. 1967
Cacao Cultivars Register. IICA Teaching and Research Centre, Costa Rica
Notes

Costa Rica - IICA Datafile: IICA__DS CRI - Cacao Cultivar Register Germplasm: Descriptions are given for 67 clones. More information on 44 of them is given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Environment: Details are given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Descriptors: Population type, habit, leaf flower, fruit and seed characters, ease of propagation, disease resistance and self-compatibility are described. Character data: Resistance to Ceratocystis: high = < 1.0, medium = 1.1 - 2.0, low = > 2.1. Resistance to Witches' Broom: high = < 1.0, medium = 1.1 - 2.0, low = > 2.1.

Disease Pests Bean Fruit Flush Leaf Flower
Morera, J. & Mora, A., 1990: Colour Dark Purple: 20 %; Colour Light Purple: 40 %; Colour White: 17 %; Colour Mottled: 23 %; Cotyledon Wet Weight: 2.65 g; Cotyledon Dry Weight: 1.60 g; Cotyledon Length: 26.4 mm; Cotyledon Width: 15.8 mm; Cotyledon Thickness: 10.5 mm; Reference

Reference

Morera, J. & Mora, A. 1990
Banco de Germoplasma de Cacao del CATIE. Information supplied on computer diskette by CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica.
Notes

Costa Rica - CATIE Datafile: CATIE2DS CRI - CATIE 2 Germplasm: Descriptions are given for 71 clones. More information on 44 of them is given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Environment: Details are given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Descriptors: The following codes are used here to describe colour: 1 Green, 2 Green with white, 3 Yellow, 4 Light red, 5 Light red with yellow, 6 Light red with green, 7 Light red with yellow/green, 8 Bright red with yellow, 9 Deep red with green, 10 Bright red, 11 Yellow with green, 12 Bright yellow.

Disease Bean Fruit Flush Leaf Flower
Reyes, H.E. et al., 1973: Colour Light Purple: Present; Shape: round; Size: large; Reference

Reference

Reyes, H.E., Perez, A.Z., Reyes, L.C. de & Wagner O., M. de J. 1973
Catalogo de cultivares de cacao ( Theobroma cacao L.). Estacion Experimental de Caucagua, Caucagua, Venezuela. pp. 131.
Notes

Venezuela - Estaçion Experimental de Caucagua Datafile: MAC___DS VEN - MAC Cauagua 1 PROGENY_ Germplasm: Information on 60 Venezuelan clones is presented which include Criollo, Forastero and hybrid types. Environment: No details. Descriptors: Pod, bean and flower characteristics are described together with some information on disease/pest reactions and yield. In some cases additional information on reaction to pests and diseases is supplied.

Disease Pests Yield Bean Fruit Flush Leaf Flower
Vivas, J., 1975: Dry Weight: 1.67 g; Reference

Reference

Vivas, J. 1975
Estudio de algunas caracteristicas quimico-fisicas en almendras de cacao de Venezuela. In: Proceedings of the 7th International Cocoa Research Conference, Douala, Cameroun (Cocoa Producers' Alliance, Lagos, Nigeria), pp. 611-615.
Notes

Venezuela - Estacion Experimental de Caucagua Datafiles: VEN___DS VEN - MAC Caucagua 2, quality Germplasm: Samples of 13 Venezuelan clones from Estacion Experimental Caucagua were studied. Environment: No details. Descriptors: Physical analyses were carried out according to the recommendations given by the Cut Beans Test (Malaysian CBT, 1961 [MCB61A]) at the Estacion Experimental Caucagua. Chemical analyses were carried according to the methods of the ICCO (ICCO, 1952 [ICC52A]) at the Compañía Indulac, Caracas.

Yield Bean Butterfat

BUTTERFAT

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Testa: 5.50 %; Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower
Vivas, J., 1975: Butterfat Content: 49.10 %; Oleic Acid: 1.56 %; Melting Point: 33.0 °C; pH: 5.5; Note: fermented beans; Reference

Reference

Vivas, J. 1975
Estudio de algunas caracteristicas quimico-fisicas en almendras de cacao de Venezuela. In: Proceedings of the 7th International Cocoa Research Conference, Douala, Cameroun (Cocoa Producers' Alliance, Lagos, Nigeria), pp. 611-615.
Notes

Venezuela - Estacion Experimental de Caucagua Datafiles: VEN___DS VEN - MAC Caucagua 2, quality Germplasm: Samples of 13 Venezuelan clones from Estacion Experimental Caucagua were studied. Environment: No details. Descriptors: Physical analyses were carried out according to the recommendations given by the Cut Beans Test (Malaysian CBT, 1961 [MCB61A]) at the Estacion Experimental Caucagua. Chemical analyses were carried according to the methods of the ICCO (ICCO, 1952 [ICC52A]) at the Compañía Indulac, Caracas.

Yield Bean Butterfat

FRUIT

Show Details Hide Details

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Shape: elliptical; Basal Constriction: strong; Apex Form: attenuate; Rugosity: moderate; Length: 196.0 mm; Breadth: 81.0 mm; Colour: intense anthocyanin; Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower
Brazil - CEPEC, 1987: Rugosity: intense; Reference

Reference

Brazil - CEPEC 1987
List of clones in the CEPEC, Bahia, Brazil collection. Computer printout from CEPEC. Supplied by B.G.D. Bartley, CEPEC, Brazil.
Notes

Brazil - CEPEC, Itabuna, Bahia Datafile: CEPEC_DS BRA - CEPEC 1 PROGENY_ Germplasm: 564 accessions mainly of Brazilian origin. Environment: No details. Descriptors: Information on compatability pod characteristics and type of cocoa is given.

Bean Fruit Flower
Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J., 1967: Shape: cundeamor; Husk Thickness: 14.2 mm; Length: 213.0 mm; Breadth: 90.0 mm; Colour: yellow and red / yellow (ridge/furrow); Hardness: very soft; Length Breadth Ratio: 2.39; Reference

Reference

Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J. 1967
Cacao Cultivars Register. IICA Teaching and Research Centre, Costa Rica
Notes

Costa Rica - IICA Datafile: IICA__DS CRI - Cacao Cultivar Register Germplasm: Descriptions are given for 67 clones. More information on 44 of them is given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Environment: Details are given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Descriptors: Population type, habit, leaf flower, fruit and seed characters, ease of propagation, disease resistance and self-compatibility are described. Character data: Resistance to Ceratocystis: high = < 1.0, medium = 1.1 - 2.0, low = > 2.1. Resistance to Witches' Broom: high = < 1.0, medium = 1.1 - 2.0, low = > 2.1.

Disease Pests Bean Fruit Flush Leaf Flower
Morera, J. & Mora, A., 1990: Shape: cundeamor; Rugosity: intense; Husk Thickness: 14.2 mm; Length: 213.0 mm; Breadth: 90.0 mm; Colour: yellow / light red and green (ridge/furrow); Hardness: soft; Length Breadth Ratio: 2.36; Reference

Reference

Morera, J. & Mora, A. 1990
Banco de Germoplasma de Cacao del CATIE. Information supplied on computer diskette by CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica.
Notes

Costa Rica - CATIE Datafile: CATIE2DS CRI - CATIE 2 Germplasm: Descriptions are given for 71 clones. More information on 44 of them is given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Environment: Details are given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Descriptors: The following codes are used here to describe colour: 1 Green, 2 Green with white, 3 Yellow, 4 Light red, 5 Light red with yellow, 6 Light red with green, 7 Light red with yellow/green, 8 Bright red with yellow, 9 Deep red with green, 10 Bright red, 11 Yellow with green, 12 Bright yellow.

Disease Bean Fruit Flush Leaf Flower
Morera, J. et al., 1991: Shape: amelonado; Colour: green; Reference

Reference

Morera, J., Paredes, A. & Mora, A. 1991
Germoplasma de cacao en el CATIE entre 1947 y 1991, Programa II: Generacion y transferencia de tecnologia. IICA, San Jose, Costa Rica, pp. 49.
Notes

Costa Rica - CATIE Datafile: DIS_MODS - Disease reaction to Monilia Pod Rot CATIE3DS CRI - CATIE 3 DIS_PHDS - Disease reaction to Phytophthora DIS_CEDS - Disease reaction to Ceratocystis PROGENY_ Germplasm: Descriptions are given for 559 clones. More information on 44 of them is given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Environment: Details are given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Descriptors: Population type, self-compatibility, resistance to disease, pod shape and colour are described. Population types - CATIE, Costa Rica (3). Disease - Phytophthora palmivora, P. megakarya (Local Names: Black Pod, Podredumbre negra, Pourriture Brune, Podridao parda), Moniliophthora / Monilia roreri (local names: Watery Pod Rot, Moniliasis, Moniliose), Ceratocystis fimbriata (local names: Ceratocystis Wilt, Mal de Machete, Mort Subite).

Disease Fruit Flower
Reyes, H.E. et al., 1973: Shape: cundeamor; Rugosity: moderate; Husk Thickness: medium; Size: medium; Reference

Reference

Reyes, H.E., Perez, A.Z., Reyes, L.C. de & Wagner O., M. de J. 1973
Catalogo de cultivares de cacao ( Theobroma cacao L.). Estacion Experimental de Caucagua, Caucagua, Venezuela. pp. 131.
Notes

Venezuela - Estaçion Experimental de Caucagua Datafile: MAC___DS VEN - MAC Cauagua 1 PROGENY_ Germplasm: Information on 60 Venezuelan clones is presented which include Criollo, Forastero and hybrid types. Environment: No details. Descriptors: Pod, bean and flower characteristics are described together with some information on disease/pest reactions and yield. In some cases additional information on reaction to pests and diseases is supplied.

Disease Pests Yield Bean Fruit Flush Leaf Flower

FLUSH

Show Details Hide Details

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Colour: slight anthocyanin; Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower
Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J., 1967: Colour: very slight anthocyanin; Reference

Reference

Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J. 1967
Cacao Cultivars Register. IICA Teaching and Research Centre, Costa Rica
Notes

Costa Rica - IICA Datafile: IICA__DS CRI - Cacao Cultivar Register Germplasm: Descriptions are given for 67 clones. More information on 44 of them is given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Environment: Details are given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Descriptors: Population type, habit, leaf flower, fruit and seed characters, ease of propagation, disease resistance and self-compatibility are described. Character data: Resistance to Ceratocystis: high = < 1.0, medium = 1.1 - 2.0, low = > 2.1. Resistance to Witches' Broom: high = < 1.0, medium = 1.1 - 2.0, low = > 2.1.

Disease Pests Bean Fruit Flush Leaf Flower
Morera, J. & Mora, A., 1990: Colour: green; Reference

Reference

Morera, J. & Mora, A. 1990
Banco de Germoplasma de Cacao del CATIE. Information supplied on computer diskette by CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica.
Notes

Costa Rica - CATIE Datafile: CATIE2DS CRI - CATIE 2 Germplasm: Descriptions are given for 71 clones. More information on 44 of them is given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Environment: Details are given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Descriptors: The following codes are used here to describe colour: 1 Green, 2 Green with white, 3 Yellow, 4 Light red, 5 Light red with yellow, 6 Light red with green, 7 Light red with yellow/green, 8 Bright red with yellow, 9 Deep red with green, 10 Bright red, 11 Yellow with green, 12 Bright yellow.

Disease Bean Fruit Flush Leaf Flower
Reyes, H.E. et al., 1973: Colour: intermediate anthocyanin; Reference

Reference

Reyes, H.E., Perez, A.Z., Reyes, L.C. de & Wagner O., M. de J. 1973
Catalogo de cultivares de cacao ( Theobroma cacao L.). Estacion Experimental de Caucagua, Caucagua, Venezuela. pp. 131.
Notes

Venezuela - Estaçion Experimental de Caucagua Datafile: MAC___DS VEN - MAC Cauagua 1 PROGENY_ Germplasm: Information on 60 Venezuelan clones is presented which include Criollo, Forastero and hybrid types. Environment: No details. Descriptors: Pod, bean and flower characteristics are described together with some information on disease/pest reactions and yield. In some cases additional information on reaction to pests and diseases is supplied.

Disease Pests Yield Bean Fruit Flush Leaf Flower

LEAF

Show Details Hide Details

Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J., 1967: Length to Width Ratio: 2.75; Basal Angle: 122.0 °; Apical Angle: 90.0 °; Reference

Reference

Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J. 1967
Cacao Cultivars Register. IICA Teaching and Research Centre, Costa Rica
Notes

Costa Rica - IICA Datafile: IICA__DS CRI - Cacao Cultivar Register Germplasm: Descriptions are given for 67 clones. More information on 44 of them is given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Environment: Details are given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Descriptors: Population type, habit, leaf flower, fruit and seed characters, ease of propagation, disease resistance and self-compatibility are described. Character data: Resistance to Ceratocystis: high = < 1.0, medium = 1.1 - 2.0, low = > 2.1. Resistance to Witches' Broom: high = < 1.0, medium = 1.1 - 2.0, low = > 2.1.

Disease Pests Bean Fruit Flush Leaf Flower
Morera, J. & Mora, A., 1990: Length to Width Ratio: 2.75; Basal Angle: 122.0 °; Apical Angle: 90.0 °; Reference

Reference

Morera, J. & Mora, A. 1990
Banco de Germoplasma de Cacao del CATIE. Information supplied on computer diskette by CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica.
Notes

Costa Rica - CATIE Datafile: CATIE2DS CRI - CATIE 2 Germplasm: Descriptions are given for 71 clones. More information on 44 of them is given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Environment: Details are given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Descriptors: The following codes are used here to describe colour: 1 Green, 2 Green with white, 3 Yellow, 4 Light red, 5 Light red with yellow, 6 Light red with green, 7 Light red with yellow/green, 8 Bright red with yellow, 9 Deep red with green, 10 Bright red, 11 Yellow with green, 12 Bright yellow.

Disease Bean Fruit Flush Leaf Flower
Reyes, H.E. et al., 1973: Shape: elliptic; Basal Form: rounded; Apex Form: acuminate; Reference

Reference

Reyes, H.E., Perez, A.Z., Reyes, L.C. de & Wagner O., M. de J. 1973
Catalogo de cultivares de cacao ( Theobroma cacao L.). Estacion Experimental de Caucagua, Caucagua, Venezuela. pp. 131.
Notes

Venezuela - Estaçion Experimental de Caucagua Datafile: MAC___DS VEN - MAC Cauagua 1 PROGENY_ Germplasm: Information on 60 Venezuelan clones is presented which include Criollo, Forastero and hybrid types. Environment: No details. Descriptors: Pod, bean and flower characteristics are described together with some information on disease/pest reactions and yield. In some cases additional information on reaction to pests and diseases is supplied.

Disease Pests Yield Bean Fruit Flush Leaf Flower

FLOWER

Show Details Hide Details

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee, 2022: Ligule Colour: anthocyanin absent; Stamen Colour: anthocyanin absent; Sepal Length: 7.63 mm; Ligule Width: 2.85 mm; Ovule Number: 36; Style Length: 2.12 mm; Pedicel Colour: reddish; Reference

Reference

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee 2022
Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Notes

This single reference supercedes data entered previously and will be kept up-to-date to allow this information to be grouped together.

Yield Bean Butterfat Fruit Flush Flower
Brazil - CEPEC, 1987: Self Compatibility: self compatible; Reference

Reference

Brazil - CEPEC 1987
List of clones in the CEPEC, Bahia, Brazil collection. Computer printout from CEPEC. Supplied by B.G.D. Bartley, CEPEC, Brazil.
Notes

Brazil - CEPEC, Itabuna, Bahia Datafile: CEPEC_DS BRA - CEPEC 1 PROGENY_ Germplasm: 564 accessions mainly of Brazilian origin. Environment: No details. Descriptors: Information on compatability pod characteristics and type of cocoa is given.

Bean Fruit Flower
Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J., 1967: Bud Colour: slight anthocyanin; Ligule Colour: anthocyanin absent; Stamen Colour: anthocyanin absent; Guide Line Length: 3.50 mm; Sepal Colour: slight anthocyanin; Sepal Width: 2.40 mm; Sepal Length: 7.60 mm; Sepal Length to Width Ratio: 3.09; Ligule Length: 3.40 mm; Ligule Width: 2.70 mm; Ligule Length to Width Ratio: 1.26; Ribbon Length: 3.90 mm; Ribbon Colour: anthocyanin absent; Ovary Colour: anthocyanin absent (apical), anthocyanin absent (basal); Ovary Width: 1.10 mm; Ovary Length: 1.60 mm; Ovary Length to Width Ratio: 1.50; Ovule Number: 39; Style Colour: anthocyanin absent (apical), anthocyanin absent (basal); Style Length: 2.30 mm; Staminode Colour: intense anthocyanin; Staminode Length: 7.40 mm; Pedicel Length: 17.10 mm; Pedicel Colour: slight anthocyani, intense anthocyanin (ab), anthocyanin absent (basal); Hairs on Upper Surface of Sepal: present; Pigmented Glands on Lower Surface of Sepal: present; Horns at Base of Guide Lines: absent; Pigmented Spot on Pollen Sac: absent; Self Compatibility: self incompatible; Reference

Reference

Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J. 1967
Cacao Cultivars Register. IICA Teaching and Research Centre, Costa Rica
Notes

Costa Rica - IICA Datafile: IICA__DS CRI - Cacao Cultivar Register Germplasm: Descriptions are given for 67 clones. More information on 44 of them is given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Environment: Details are given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Descriptors: Population type, habit, leaf flower, fruit and seed characters, ease of propagation, disease resistance and self-compatibility are described. Character data: Resistance to Ceratocystis: high = < 1.0, medium = 1.1 - 2.0, low = > 2.1. Resistance to Witches' Broom: high = < 1.0, medium = 1.1 - 2.0, low = > 2.1.

Disease Pests Bean Fruit Flush Leaf Flower
Morera, J. & Mora, A., 1990: Bud Colour: green; Ligule Colour: white; Stamen Colour: anthocyanin absent; Guide Line Length: 3.50 mm; Sepal Colour: green; Sepal Width: 2.40 mm; Sepal Length: 7.60 mm; Ligule Length: 3.40 mm; Ligule Width: 2.70 mm; Ribbon Length: 3.90 mm; Ribbon Colour: white; Ovary Width: 1.10 mm; Ovary Length: 1.60 mm; Ovule Number: 39; Style Colour: white (apical), white (basal); Style Length: 2.30 mm; Staminode Colour: yellow; Staminode Length: 7.40 mm; Pedicel Length: 17.10 mm; Pedicel Colour: green, yellow (ab), white (basal); Hairs on Upper Surface of Sepal: present; Pigmented Glands on Lower Surface of Sepal: present; Horns at Base of Guide Lines: absent; Reference

Reference

Morera, J. & Mora, A. 1990
Banco de Germoplasma de Cacao del CATIE. Information supplied on computer diskette by CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica.
Notes

Costa Rica - CATIE Datafile: CATIE2DS CRI - CATIE 2 Germplasm: Descriptions are given for 71 clones. More information on 44 of them is given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Environment: Details are given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Descriptors: The following codes are used here to describe colour: 1 Green, 2 Green with white, 3 Yellow, 4 Light red, 5 Light red with yellow, 6 Light red with green, 7 Light red with yellow/green, 8 Bright red with yellow, 9 Deep red with green, 10 Bright red, 11 Yellow with green, 12 Bright yellow.

Disease Bean Fruit Flush Leaf Flower
Morera, J. et al., 1991: Self Compatibility: self incompatible; Reference

Reference

Morera, J., Paredes, A. & Mora, A. 1991
Germoplasma de cacao en el CATIE entre 1947 y 1991, Programa II: Generacion y transferencia de tecnologia. IICA, San Jose, Costa Rica, pp. 49.
Notes

Costa Rica - CATIE Datafile: DIS_MODS - Disease reaction to Monilia Pod Rot CATIE3DS CRI - CATIE 3 DIS_PHDS - Disease reaction to Phytophthora DIS_CEDS - Disease reaction to Ceratocystis PROGENY_ Germplasm: Descriptions are given for 559 clones. More information on 44 of them is given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Environment: Details are given in the Table CATIE, Costa Rica (1). Descriptors: Population type, self-compatibility, resistance to disease, pod shape and colour are described. Population types - CATIE, Costa Rica (3). Disease - Phytophthora palmivora, P. megakarya (Local Names: Black Pod, Podredumbre negra, Pourriture Brune, Podridao parda), Moniliophthora / Monilia roreri (local names: Watery Pod Rot, Moniliasis, Moniliose), Ceratocystis fimbriata (local names: Ceratocystis Wilt, Mal de Machete, Mort Subite).

Disease Fruit Flower
Reyes, H.E. et al., 1973: Ligule Colour: intense anthocyanin; Stamen Size: medium; Sepal Colour: moderate anthocyanin; Sepal Size: large; Ligule Size: medium; Staminode Colour: intense anthocyanin; Pedicel Size: medium; Pedicel Colour: moderate anthocyanin; Self Compatibility: self compatible; Reference

Reference

Reyes, H.E., Perez, A.Z., Reyes, L.C. de & Wagner O., M. de J. 1973
Catalogo de cultivares de cacao ( Theobroma cacao L.). Estacion Experimental de Caucagua, Caucagua, Venezuela. pp. 131.
Notes

Venezuela - Estaçion Experimental de Caucagua Datafile: MAC___DS VEN - MAC Cauagua 1 PROGENY_ Germplasm: Information on 60 Venezuelan clones is presented which include Criollo, Forastero and hybrid types. Environment: No details. Descriptors: Pod, bean and flower characteristics are described together with some information on disease/pest reactions and yield. In some cases additional information on reaction to pests and diseases is supplied.

Disease Pests Yield Bean Fruit Flush Leaf Flower

REFERENCES

Reyes, H.E., Perez, A.Z., Reyes, L.C. de & Wagner O., M. de J. (1973) Catalogo de cultivares de cacao ( Theobroma cacao L.). Estacion Experimental de Caucagua, Caucagua, Venezuela. pp. 131.

Gonzalez R, Ventura, Cirilo Giron Varguillas, Ramon Vidal & Angel Castillo (2010) INIA-Venezuela. CFC/ICCO/Bioversity Project on Cocoa Productivity and Quality Improvement: A Participatory Approach. Final Individual Institute Reports 1 June 2004 - 30 November 2009

Morera, J. (1992) Registro Internacional de Cultivares de Cacao. J. Morera, CATIE, Costa Rica. Computer printout.

Cornejo, O.E., Muh-Ching Yee, Victor Dominguez, Mary Andrews, Alexandra Sockell, Erika Strandberg, Donald Livingstone III, Conrad Stack, Alberto Romero, Pathmanathan Umaharan, Stefan Royaert, Nilesh R. Tawari, Pauline Ng, Osman Gutierrez, Wilbert Phillips, Keithanne Mockaitis, Carlos D. Bustamante & Juan C. Motamayor (2018) Population genomic analyses of the chocolate tree, Theobroma cacao L., provide insights into its domestication process. Commun Biol 1, 167

CEPEC (2012) Accession list for the CEPEC (Bahia, Brazil) collection. Dr. José Luis Pires, personal communication, February 2012.

Mars Center for Cocoa Science (2012) Accession list for the Mars Center for Cocoa Science. Jean-Philippe Marelli, personal communication, February 2012.

Allan Mata (2018) Accession list for the International Cacao Collection at CATIE (IC3). Personal communication.

Lopez-Baez, O., Cueto-Moreno, J. & Fraire-Vazquez, G. (1995) Progressos en el mejoramiento genetico del cacao Theobroma cacao L. en Mexico. In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Cocoa Breeding Strategies, Kuala Lumpur, 1994. INGENIC, Reading, U.K. pp. 18-25.

CRU (2011) ICG,T accessions. CRU website.

Zamora, A.P., Reyes, H.E. & Reyes, L.C. (1974) Programa de mejoramiento genetico de cacao en Venezuela. In: Proceedings of the 4th International Cocoa Conference, 1972, St. Augustine, Trinidad. (Cocoa Research Unit, Trinidad), pp. 57-68.

Morera, J. & Mora, A. (1990) Banco de Germoplasma de Cacao del CATIE. Information supplied on computer diskette by CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica.

Murray, D.B. (1969) Report on a visit to Venezuela in July, 1969. Unpublished report, Cocoa Research Unit, University of the West Indies.

Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J. (1967) Cacao Cultivars Register. IICA Teaching and Research Centre, Costa Rica

Enriquez, G. & Soria, V.J. (1977) Mejoramiento genético para resistencia a cinco enfermedades del cacao. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Cocoa Research Conference, Caracas, Venezuela, 1977. Cocoa Producers' Alliance, Lagos, Nigeria. pp. 45-56.

Morera, J. (1993) Reaction of clones to Phytophthora palmivora. J. Morera, CATIE, Costa Rica. Personal Communication.

Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee (2022) Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.

Vivas, J. (1975) Estudio de algunas caracteristicas quimico-fisicas en almendras de cacao de Venezuela. In: Proceedings of the 7th International Cocoa Research Conference, Douala, Cameroun (Cocoa Producers' Alliance, Lagos, Nigeria), pp. 611-615.

Brazil - CEPEC (1987) List of clones in the CEPEC, Bahia, Brazil collection. Computer printout from CEPEC. Supplied by B.G.D. Bartley, CEPEC, Brazil.

Morera, J., Paredes, A. & Mora, A. (1991) Germoplasma de cacao en el CATIE entre 1947 y 1991, Programa II: Generacion y transferencia de tecnologia. IICA, San Jose, Costa Rica, pp. 49.