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GS 36    Theobroma cacao

 Bartley, B.G.D. (1993)
Notes on the meaning and origins of clone names. B.G.D Bartley. Personal Communications.

Derivation: Grenada Selection.
Collected by Pound/Cooper/Cope.
Location: Grenada, Grenada.

Notes:  Bartley, 1993 [BAR93A] Selections made in late '40s in Grenada established at Boulogne nursery.

Bartley, 1996a [BAR96A]. The Grenada population(s) originated largely from two distinct types. One of these is an "Amazonian" variety which is apparently not the related to the ex-Orinoco variety of Trinidad, but is similar to other types on other Caribbean islands and the "Matina" type of Costa Rica. The other type is a Venezuelan Criollo which may be descended from more than one introduction.
 

Location: Hda Bouloque, Grenada
Coordinates: 61.50 W, 12.10 N
   Marita, J. M. et al., 2001

 Father to:
AX 61    Trinidad - ICTA, No Date
AX 62    Trinidad - ICTA, No Date
AX 69    Trinidad - ICTA, No Date

 HELD IN

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List received in 2012   Reference
• Accession: 240
   - Local Name: GS 36
   - Year of Accession: 1981
List received in 2012   Reference
• Local Name: GS-36
List received in 1985   Reference
• Local Name: GS 36
List received in 1990   Reference
• Local Name: GS 36
List received in 2018   Reference
• Accession: 10297
   - Local Name: GS-36
   - Year of Accession: 1989
List received in 1989   Reference
• Local Name: GS 36
   - Year of Accession: 1965
List received in 1987   Reference
• Local Name: GS 36
   - Year of Accession: 1974
List received in 2011   Reference
• Local Name: GS-36
List received in 2012   Reference
• Local Name: GS - 36
List received in 1992   Reference
• Local Name: GS 36
   - Year of Accession: 1968
List received in 2012   Reference
• Local Name: GS 36
   - Year of Accession: 1993
List received in 2012   Reference
• Local Name: GS 36
   - Year of Accession: 1990
List received in 2012   Reference
• Local Name: GS36
   - Year of Accession: 1970
List received in 1994   Reference
• Local Name: GS 36
List received in 1994   Reference
• Local Name: GS 36
List received in 2008   Reference
• Accession: VTLC 202
   - Local Name: GS-36
List received in 1990   Reference
• Local Name: GS 36
List received in 1994   Reference
• Local Name: GS 36
   - Year of Accession: 1969
 Togo, Institut de Recherches du Cafe et du Cacao (IRCC)
List received in 1991   Reference
• Local Name: GS 36
List received in 2011   Reference
• Local Name: GS 36
   - Year of Accession: 1952
List received in 2024   Reference
• Accession: PI 668507     GRIN-Global 
   - Local Name: GS 36
List received in 2012   Reference
• Local Name: GS 36
   - Year of Accession: 1993
List received in 1972   Reference
• Local Name: GS 36

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Susceptible, 100.00 % Infection
Note: External Severety = 3.9 and Internal Severety = 4.5
 Phillips, W., 1997
11.45 % Infection (Pod).
Note: percentage of infected pods. Rank calculated using Newman-Keuls test at 5% = BC
 Sounigo, O. et al., 1995
Intermediate, sp. P. palmivora (Pod).
 Clement, D. & Sounigo, O., 1992
Moderate Resistance, sp. P. palmivora (Pod).
Note: Unripe, Attached and not wounded
 Morera, J., 1993
Moderate Resistance, 78.00 % Infection, sp. P. palmivora (Pod).
Note: Unripe, Attached and not wounded
 Blaha, G. & Lotode, R., 1976
Susceptible, 100.00 % Infection, sp. P. palmivora (Pod).
Note: Unripe, Attached and not wounded
 Lawrence, J.S., 1978
Resistant
 Morera, J. & Mora, A., 1990
Susceptible
 Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J., 1967

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High Damage
Note: Trial D11/2. Rank calculated using Newman-Keuls test at 5% = A
 Sounigo, O. et al., 1995
Moderate Damage
Note: Trial I17. Rank calculated using Newman-Keuls test at 5% = AB
 Sounigo, O. et al., 1995
Moderate Damage
 N'Goran, J.A.K. et al., 1993

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Pod Index: 23.2 (pods per kg dried beans)
 Reference
Seed Index: 59.8 (dried beans per 100g)
Productivity: medium
 Reference
Yield: 2488 kg ha-1 yr-1
 Reference
Yield: 820 kg ha-1 yr-1
 Reference

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Size: medium
 Reference
Colour: purple
Shape: elliptical
Number: 35.0
Total Wet Weight: 65.6 g
Cotyledon Dry Weight: 1.23 g
Cotyledon Length: 22.8 mm
Cotyledon Width: 12.6 mm
 Reference
Colour Dark Purple: Absent
Colour Light Purple: Present
Colour Grey: Absent
Colour White: Absent
Colour Mottled: Absent
Number: 35.6
Maximum Number: 47
Cotyledon Wet Weight: 2.62 g
Cotyledon Dry Weight: 1.67 g
Cotyledon Length: 26.4 mm
Cotyledon Width: 14.4 mm
Cotyledon Thickness: 11.0 mm
 Reference
Colour Purple: 85 %
Colour Light Purple: 13 %
Colour Mottled: 2 %
Shape: round
Length: 23.9 mm
Width: 14.2 mm
Thickness: 9.1 mm
Cotyledon Wet Weight: 2.00 g
Cotyledon Dry Weight: 1.29 g
 Reference
Number: 41.0
 Reference
Colour Dark Purple: 85 %
Colour Light Purple: 13 %
Colour Mottled: 2 %
Cotyledon Wet Weight: 2.00 g
Cotyledon Dry Weight: 1.29 g
Cotyledon Length: 23.9 mm
Cotyledon Width: 14.2 mm
Cotyledon Thickness: 9.1 mm
 Reference

Testa: 5.40 %
 Reference

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Size: large
 Reference
Shape: obovate
Basal Constriction: slight
Apex Form: acute
Rugosity: moderate
Length: 168.0 mm
Breadth: 83.0 mm
Colour: moderate anthocyanin
Hardness: hard
Note: Hardness > 2.0 Mpa
 Reference
Rugosity: intense
 Reference
Basal Constriction: very slight
Apex Form: acute
Rugosity: moderate
Husk Thickness: 14.15 mm (17 - 11.3)
Length: 237.0 mm
Breadth: 105.0 mm
Colour: high - intense / moderate - high anthocyanin (ridge/furrow)
Weight: 1062.0 g
Pods Per Tree: 5
Hardness: moderate
Length Breadth Ratio: 2.25
Note: ratio of distances between ridges within a pair and between ridges of two different pairs = 0.65
 Reference
Shape: cundeamor
Husk Thickness: 13.6 mm
Length: 182.0 mm
Breadth: 87.0 mm
Colour: red and yellow / yellow and red (ridge/furrow)
Hardness: very hard
Length Breadth Ratio: 2.20
 Reference
Shape: cundeamor
Rugosity: intense
Husk Thickness: 13.6 mm
Length: 182.0 mm
Breadth: 87.0 mm
Colour: light red, yellow and green / light red and green (ridge/furrow)
Hardness: hard
Length Breadth Ratio: 2.09
 Reference
Shape: angoleta
Colour: red
 Reference

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Colour: moderate anthocyanin
 Reference
Colour: reddish brown
 Reference
Colour: anthocyanin absent
 Reference
Colour: white
 Reference

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Length to Width Ratio: 2.87
Basal Angle: 137.0 °
Apical Angle: 90.0 °
 Reference
Distance from Base to Widest Part: 141 mm
Length: 277.0 mm
Width: 96.0 mm
Length to Width Ratio: 2.90
Basal Angle: 111.2 °
Apical Angle: 61.6 °
Petiole Length: 20 mm
Pulvinus Length: 14 mm
 Reference
Length to Width Ratio: 2.87
Basal Angle: 137.0 °
Apical Angle: 90.0 °
 Reference

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Self Compatibility: self incompatible
 Reference
Ligule Colour: slight anthocyanin
Stamen Colour: anthocyanin absent
Sepal Length: 8.55 mm
Ligule Width: 2.79 mm
Ovule Number: 37
Style Length: 2.33 mm
Pedicel Colour: red
 Reference
Self Compatibility: self incompatible
 Reference
Ligule Colour: slight anthocyanin (apical)
Stamen Colour: slight anthocyanin
Sepal Colour: greyish green
Sepal Width: 2.83 mm
Sepal Length: 9.62 mm
Ligule Length: 9.45 mm
Ligule Width: 3.20 mm
Ovary Colour: slight anthocyanin (apical)
Ovary Width: 0.96 mm
Ovary Length: 1.43 mm
Style Length: 2.74 mm
Staminode Length: 8.66 mm
Pedicel Colour: pink
Self Compatibility: self incompatible
Note: Translation of Methuen colour codes.
 Reference
Bud Colour: slight anthocyanin
Ligule Colour: anthocyanin absent
Stamen Colour: anthocyanin absent
Guide Line Length: 3.30 mm
Sepal Colour: moderate anthocyanin
Sepal Width: 2.40 mm
Sepal Length: 8.40 mm
Sepal Length to Width Ratio: 3.44
Ligule Length: 2.70 mm
Ligule Width: 2.70 mm
Ligule Length to Width Ratio: 0.99
Ribbon Length: 3.80 mm
Ribbon Colour: anthocyanin absent
Ovary Colour: moderate anthocyanin (apical), slight anthocyanin (basal)
Ovary Width: 1.10 mm
Ovary Length: 1.50 mm
Ovary Length to Width Ratio: 1.34
Ovule Number: 40
Style Colour: slight anthocyanin (apical), anthocyanin absent (basal)
Style Length: 2.30 mm
Staminode Colour: intense anthocyanin
Staminode Length: 8.00 mm
Pedicel Length: 1.72 mm
Pedicel Colour: intense anthocyanin, intense anthocyanin (ab), anthocyanin absent (basal)
Hairs on Upper Surface of Sepal: present
Pigmented Glands on Lower Surface of Sepal: present
Horns at Base of Guide Lines: absent
Pigmented Spot on Pollen Sac: absent
 Reference
Self Compatibility: self incompatible
 Reference
Ovule Number: 40
 Reference
Bud Colour: green
Ligule Colour: white
Stamen Colour: anthocyanin absent
Guide Line Length: 3.30 mm
Sepal Colour: green - white
Sepal Width: 2.40 mm
Sepal Length: 8.40 mm
Ligule Length: 2.70 mm
Ligule Width: 2.70 mm
Ribbon Length: 3.80 mm
Ribbon Colour: white
Ovary Width: 1.10 mm
Ovary Length: 1.50 mm
Ovule Number: 40
Style Colour: green (apical), green (basal)
Style Length: 2.30 mm
Staminode Colour: yellow
Staminode Length: 8.00 mm
Pedicel Length: 17.20 mm
Pedicel Colour: yellow, yellow (ab), white (basal)
Hairs on Upper Surface of Sepal: present
Pigmented Glands on Lower Surface of Sepal: present
Horns at Base of Guide Lines: absent
 Reference
Self Compatibility: self compatible
 Reference

Bartley, B.G.D. (1993) Notes on the meaning and origins of clone names. B.G.D Bartley. Personal Communications.
Marita, J. M., Nienhuis, J., Pires, J. L. & Aitken, W. M. (2001) Analysis of Genetic Diversity in Theobroma cacao with Emphasis on Witches’ Broom Disease Resistance. Crop Sci. 41:1305–1316.
Trinidad - ICTA (No Date) List of AX Crosses. Unpublished report, Imperial College of Tropical Agriculture, Trinidad. pp 18.
CEPEC (2012) Accession list for the CEPEC (Bahia, Brazil) collection. Dr. José Luis Pires, personal communication, February 2012.
Mars Center for Cocoa Science (2012) Accession list for the Mars Center for Cocoa Science. Jean-Philippe Marelli, personal communication, February 2012.
Cameroon - IRAD Cameroun (1985) Collection Camerounaise de cacaoyers (situation en Juillet, 1985). Unpublished report, IRCC Cameroun. Supplied by A.B. Eskes, IRCC Montpellier.
Colombia - ICA Palmira (1990) List of clones held at ICA Palmira. F. Ocampo Rojas, ICA, Colombia.
Allan Mata (2018) Accession list for the International Cacao Collection at CATIE (IC3). Personal communication.
Cote d'Ivoire - IRCC (1989) Liste des clones en collection. Unpublished Report, IRCC Bingerville, Cote d'Ivoire, Doc. No. 192. D. Clement, IRCC, Cote d'Ivoire. Personal Communication.
Dominican Republic - CDC (1987) Informe de los trabajos de indentificacion clonal realizados por el Dr. B.G.Bartley durante su visita a la Estacion "Mata Larga". Unpublished of the Comision del Cacau, Dominican Republic. pp 14
IDIAF (2011) Cocoa accessions held in the Dominican Institute for Agriculture and Forestry Research (IDIAF). M. Ventura, personal communication, September 2011.
EET - Pichilingue (2012) Accessions planted in EET - Pichilingue, Ecuador. Freddy Amores and Ignacio Sotomayor C, personal communication, February 2012.
Fiji - Naduruloulou (1992) Cocoa collection - Fiji Naduruloulou Research Station. G. Prasad, Koronivia Research Station, Nausari, Fiji. Personal Communication.
Philippe Lachenaud (2012) CIRAD Montpellier Clone List (Excel Spreadsheet). Data supplied to ICGD by email. Dr. Philippe Lachenaud, CIRAD Montpellier, France, January 2012.
Philippe Lachenaud (2012) F. Guiana database, CIRAD-CP. Data supplied to ICGD by email. Dr. Philippe Lachenaud, CIRAD Montpellier, France, January 2012.
CRIG (2012) Cocoa accessions held in the Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana (CRIG). Francis Kwame Padi, personal communication, February 2012.
Grenada - MALF (1994) Notes on the cocoa germplasm in Grenada. C.A. Williams, Grenada Cocoa Association, Grenada. Personal Communication.
Honduras - CEDEC (1994) List of accessions in CEDEC, La Masica, Honduras. J.A. Sanchez, FHIA, Honduras. Personal Communication.
CPCRI (2008) Cocoa germplasm maintained at the Central Plantation Crops Research Institute (CPCRI) Regional Station, Vittal, India. Data supplied to ICGD by email. D. Balasimha, CPCRI Vittal, India, July 2008.
Malaysia - ARC Tuaran (1990) List of clones held in the Dept. of Agriculture's collection, at Sabah, Tuaran, Malaysia. E.B. Tay, Malaysian Cocoa Board, Malaysia. Personal Communication.
Nigeria - CRIN (1994) CRIN Cocoa germplasm. S.A. Olatoye, CRIN, Nigeria. Personal Communication.
Togo - IRCC Togo (1991) Collection des clones de cacaoyers presents au Togo. Unpublished report, IRCC Togo, p.1.
CRU (2011) ICG,T accessions. CRU website.
USDA, ARS Tropical Agriculture Research Station, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico. (2024) List of cocoa accessions held at Mayaguez in September 2024. USDA-ARS GRIN-Global. [Online Database] National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
Philippe Bastide. (2012) Les clones suivis au Vanuatu (unpublished list of accessions). Personal communication, February 2012.
Perez, A.Z., Reyes, H.E. & Reyes, L.C. (1972) Programa de mejoramiento genetico de cacao en Venezuela. MAC, Caucagua, Venezuela, pp. 131.
Phillips, W. (1997) Results of the artificial inoculation of Moniliophthora rorei using the Aspersion method. Unpublished data supplied by W. Phillips, CATIE, Costa Rica. Personal communication
Sounigo, O., N'Goran, J., Coulibaly, N., Clement, D. & Lachenaud, P. (1995) Evaluation de clones de cacaoyers pour la productivite, la resistance aux mirides et la resistance a la pourriture des cabosses. In: Proceedings of the 11th International Cocoa Research Conference, Yammoussoukro, Cote d'Ivoire, 1993. Cocoa Producers' Alliance, Lagos, Nigeria. pp. 375-381.
Clement, D. & Sounigo, O. (1992) Ivory Coast Database. D. Clement & O. Sounigo, IRCC, Bingerville, Cote d'Ivoire. Personal Communication.
Morera, J. (1993) Reaction of clones to Phytophthora palmivora. J. Morera, CATIE, Costa Rica. Personal Communication.
Blaha, G. & Lotode, R. (1976) Un critere primordial de selection du cacaoyer au Cameroun: la resistance a la pourriture brune des cabossees ( Phytophthora palmivora ). Cafe, Cacao, The 20(2): pp. 97-116.
Lawrence, J.S. (1978) Screening of cacao cultivars for resistance to Phytophthora palmivora in the collection at CATIE, Costa Rica. Revista Theobroma 8: pp. 125-131.
Morera, J. & Mora, A. (1990) Banco de Germoplasma de Cacao del CATIE. Information supplied on computer diskette by CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica.
Enriquez, G.A. & Soria, V.J. (1967) Cacao Cultivars Register. IICA Teaching and Research Centre, Costa Rica
N'Goran, J.A.K., Lachenaud, P., Bastide P., & Paulin, D. (1993) Cocoa germplasm conservation initiatives in Cote d'Ivoire. In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Conservation, Characterisation and Utilisation of Cocoa Genetic Resources in the 21st Century. CRU, UWI, Trinidad. pp. 221-227.
Frances Bekele & Gillian Bidaisee (2022) Morphological data from the International Cocoa Collection (ICG,T) maintained by the Cocoa Research Centre (CRC), Trinidad & Tobago. Unpublished data on fruit, bean, flower and flush morphology supplied as an Excel spreadsheet by Frances Bekele. Last update March 2022.
Costa Rica - CATIE (1981) Genetic Resources of Cacao. A Catalogue of the CATIE Collection. J.M.M. Engels, Tropical Agricultural Research and Training Centre, CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica. Technical Bulletin No. 7: pp. 191.
Bartley, B.G.D. (1970) A preliminary catalogue of the cacao germplasm held at the University of the West Indies, Trinidad. University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad.
KKO (1993) Information from the KKO cocoa germplasm database. Information supplied on computer diskette by C. Cilas, CIRAD-CP, France.
Brazil - CEPEC (1987) List of clones in the CEPEC, Bahia, Brazil collection. Computer printout from CEPEC. Supplied by B.G.D. Bartley, CEPEC, Brazil.
Morera, J., Paredes, A. & Mora, A. (1991) Germoplasma de cacao en el CATIE entre 1947 y 1991, Programa II: Generacion y transferencia de tecnologia. IICA, San Jose, Costa Rica, pp. 49.
Trinidad - ICGT (1992) Leaf descriptors. Unpublished data supplied on computer diskette by International Cocoa Genebank, Trinidad, University of the West Indies, Trinidad.
A. González & M. Ventura (2007) Autocompatibilidad Sexual de Clones de Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.). In: Resultados de investigación en cacao. IDIAF, 2007
French Guiana - CIRAD-CP (2003) F. Guiana database 2003. Data supplied to ICGD by email. Dr. Ph. Lachenaud, CIRAD Montpellier, France, 17 March 2003.